When operating the cylinder piston, move it back and forth a few centimeters each time. Gradually adjust its position through multiple operations until it reaches the desired location. Be cautious during operation to avoid pushing the piston too far forward, which could cause the concrete piston to enter deeply into the concrete cylinder. In such cases, insert a piece of square wood from the S-tube cavity into the cylinder and use a jack to push the piston into the water tank.
Before spraying concrete, first lubricate the pipeline with water and diluted mortar. Then, after the spray head has applied a layer of mortar, proceed with the concrete spraying. It’s crucial to strictly control the concrete mix ratio and ensure proper distribution during transport. Equip the transportation equipment with its own mixing function to maintain consistency.
Maintain adequate hydraulic oil levels and ensure their purity. Addressing pipe blockages requires understanding common causes. Operators should focus during pumping, ensuring only qualified concrete enters the system. Monitor pressure readings constantly. A sudden increase in pressure suggests blockage; reverse the pump for a couple of strokes before resuming. If reversing doesn’t clear the blockage, remove and clean the pipe promptly to prevent further issues.
Select the pumping speed carefully. Start at a slower pace during initial pumping due to higher resistance, then increase speed once stable. Low speeds should be used when signs of blockage appear or when the slump is minimal. Always monitor the material level in the hopper to avoid drawing in air, which can lead to blockages. Avoid overloading the hopper and keep it below the guardrail for easier maintenance.
If concrete starts to collapse prematurely, avoid taking immediate action. Instead, release material from the hopper’s base. Forcing through may cause blockages. Refrain from adding water to the hopper. During downtime, periodically activate the pump every 5 to 10 minutes depending on conditions to prevent blockages. Avoid pumping concrete that has set or partially set.
After completing pumping, always clean the pipelines as per procedure to prevent future blockages. Most pipe blockages in tunnel sprayers stem from external factors like concrete quality and operational errors. Focus on these areas during construction to minimize blockages.
In case of blockage, perform a reverse pump cycle. If unsuccessful, identify the blockage location by observing vibrations in the pipeline. Tapping the suspected area with a wooden hammer might help. If ineffective, disassemble the pipe for thorough cleaning. Segmented cleaning can also be an option if unsure of the exact blockage point. Prompt action prevents material coagulation and costly repairs.
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