In the 1990s, after more than a decade of reform and opening up, the hardware industry showed a rapid development trend. The ownership of enterprises began to change to private-owned enterprises. The location of enterprises began to market in Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Shandong and other markets. The areas with earlier economic development are concentrated. The governments in these regions have begun to realize that the development of characteristic industries is conducive to the government to increase fiscal revenue, to optimize the structure of the industry, to benefit local residents' employment and increase income, and to benefit the benign development of the regional economy. Therefore, we have made great efforts to build a characteristic industrial base.
I. Development model of China's hardware production base
According to the naming method in the "China Hardware Industry Characteristic Area Name Management Method" (Revised Draft): 3 existing Chinese hardware products, namely: China Lock (Wenzhou), China Valve Capital (Yuhuan), China's button capital (Qiaotou); there are 8 China hardware industry bases, namely: China Hardware Industry Base (Xiaolan), China (Shuikou) faucet production base, China Stainless Steel Products Production Base (Xinhui), China (Wenzhou) Metal shell lighter production base, China (Wenzhou) razor production base, China hardware products (Yuyao) production base, China export tool production base (Jinhua), China wire mesh industry base (Anping); China Hardware Township ( Town) 3, namely: China's zipper town (Qiaotou), China Hardware Town (Yongkang), China Hardware Town (Daxin Town).
According to the development model of each production base, we can divide 14 hardware production bases into:
1. A long history. For example, Daxin Town of Zhangjiagang City is an industrial satellite town with early start of township enterprises in southern Jiangsu. It started with hardware and relied on five blondes. It has a production history of more than 70 years and is the first “hardware town†awarded by the association. Another example: Anping wire mesh industry has a history of 500 years, dating back to the first year of Hongzhi, that is, 1488 AD, which has a long history and a long history. Such bases include Yongkang hardware and water taps.
2, the first business after the work type. Such as: Qiaotou Town, Yongjia County, Wenzhou City. In the early 1980s, the pioneering bridgehead created China's first small commodity market and bridgehead button market. After years of development, buttons and zippers have been formed. As a leader, all kinds of economically complete industrial clusters. Similarly, the Xinhui stainless steel products industry is also developed into a stainless steel production base based on trade.
3. Market development. For example, the Wenzhou razor industry started in the late 1980s, and it is an emerging hardware industry that has grown rapidly from scratch to small. Another example: Xiaolan Town, Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province, in the wave of reform and opening up, grasped the pulse of the times, seized the opportunity of development, and vigorously developed industry, of which the hardware manufacturing industry also benefited from this, and was listed as Xiaolan Town. After one of the six pillar industries, after years of development, it has formed an industrial cluster with locks and gas appliances as the leader, upstream and downstream products and various accessories. A number of lock manufacturing industries led by Guli and Huafeng have emerged. The gas appliance manufacturing industry led by Vantage and Evergreen, the hinge manufacturing company headed by Stanley and Gaotian, and the nail clippers home care products led by Julong. Manufacturing companies and so on. Such bases include Yuhuan Valve, Wenzhou Locku, Wenzhou Metal Shell Lighter, and Yuyao Hardware Products Production Base.
Second, the new trend of China's hardware industry development
The export of small hardware products has surged, and the comparative advantages are obvious; the active operation of capital drives the sharing of resources among enterprises; the polarization of enterprises brings market rationality; the increase of high-tech content enhances the market competitiveness of products--"domestic competition internationalization, international "Competition of domesticization" will be a new feature of the development of China's hardware industry in the next few years, and will be embodied in the following six aspects.
1. The polarization of enterprises has further intensified.
Luo Baihui, a mold industry expert, believes that the next few years will be a high-speed shock period for the hardware industry. The direct consequence of this high-speed shock is that the current trend of polarization in the hardware kitchen and bathroom camp is expanding. It is expected that there will be absolutely no more hardware companies that can truly survive in the market in the next few years. However, this high-speed shock in the hardware industry will bring huge opportunities, and the result of the shock will make the market operation more rational.
2. The competition among sales channels is increasingly fierce.
Due to oversupply of domestic hardware and kitchen products and increased quality pressure, sales channels have become one of the key competitive factors, and the competition for channels has become increasingly fierce. On the one hand, kitchen electric appliance manufacturers have strengthened their control over retail terminals, strive to reduce sales links, save sales expenses, and make sales channels develop in a specialized direction. The enterprise sales model is developing in a direction that can adapt to diverse markets at the same time. On the other hand, the trend of the development of the sales industry has led to the rising status of large-scale home appliance chain stores, enhanced control over the industry, and participation in price competition that was previously dominated by manufacturers. With its broad market coverage, procurement scale and cost advantages, large retailers will increasingly control their production companies in terms of product pricing and delivery. At the same time, the requirements of China's hardware products in the international market will gradually develop and change. There will be higher requirements for the quality, packaging and delivery deadlines of Chinese products, and even gradually extend to the production process and product research and development, and the products and environmental protection. , energy resources, humanities and environment combined.
3. The capital operation in the industry is active, and cooperation between enterprises is obviously strengthened.
In a globally competitive environment, industrial capital is another theme of industry operation in order to gain a favorable competitive position and enhance competitiveness. In 2004, Supor and Vantage were listed, and Hongbao was also actively working for the listing. Wanhe’s capital market operation will not stop due to the failure of the restructuring of Yuemei. From a capital perspective, the current main feature is the expansion of capital. From the perspective of competitive behavior, cooperation in resource sharing among enterprises is increasing.
4. China's position as a global hardware manufacturing center has been further consolidated.
With the acceleration of China's integration into the global economic environment and the rapid rise of economic power, China has become the most dynamic economic region in the world. Luo Baihui, an expert in the mold industry, believes that China's economic facilities are relatively complete, industrial development is relatively mature and labor costs are low. It has the comparative advantage of becoming a global hardware manufacturing center, and the hardware manufacturing industry has obvious export-oriented development characteristics.
5. Market competition will shift from price-based to high-quality, high-tech products.
With the deepening of competition, the profit margins of all stages of the hardware industry chain are being compressed, and the space for price reduction is decreasing. More and more enterprises realize that price competition cannot establish core competitiveness alone, and it is not the direction of long-term development, so as to explore new development paths. Many hardware companies have increased their investment in technology, developed new products with high technology content, differentiated products as a long-term solution for enterprise development, sought new market demand, and established new economic growth points (enter small appliances and Other similar industries) to achieve sustainable development of the company.
6. The integration of domestic and foreign companies is further accelerated.
In order to improve their own strength and expand the international market more quickly, domestic hardware companies will accelerate the integration with foreign companies through various means to improve product quality and enhance competitiveness. While continuing to expand the markets of traditional countries such as the United States and Japan, it will also bloom in Southeast Asia, the Middle East, Russia, Europe, and Africa. Luo Baihui, an expert in the mold industry, believes that the Chinese hardware industry will continue the momentum of structural adjustment and there are some bright spots. The polarization of hardware companies will intensify. Some enterprises that do not adapt to market competition will withdraw from the market competition through different channels, and the hardware giants will gradually surface.
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