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This summer, Shandong, Qingdao, Yantai, Weihai, and other sea areas encountered the invasion of Enteromorpha progenitors. This situation has been occurring for several years in a row, which has greatly impacted the local tourism and aquaculture industries. These enteromorpha, which are harmful to coastal areas, are not without merit. Professor Tian Yuanyu of the School of Chemical Engineering of Shandong University of Science and Technology succeeded in turning the Brassica moss into a treasure and extracted bio-crude oil from it.
Brassica can revitalize bio-crude oil
Tian Yuanyu said, “Brassica oleracea is a high-water-bearing plant that can be used as a raw material for new biorefinery and its effect is better than ordinary plant stalks. Ordinary plant stalks need higher energy consumption because they contain a lot of wood fiber. This is not the case for marine crops such as Brassica."
“The process of bio-crude oil production from bryophytes is actually a process that simulates the formation of oil, transforming the fiber components of sphagnum moss into bio-crude oil.†Tian Yuanyu said that the process of oil formation is relatively slow, and we artificially accelerated the formation of oil. In the process, a series of reactions such as deoxygenation are directly performed under high pressure, and then converted into hydrogen-containing substances with relatively low oxygen content, which is commonly referred to as oil, and is generally also called bio-crude oil.
Tian Yuanyu told reporters that one ton of dried Brassica can separate 300 kilograms of bio-crude oil and 400 kilograms of wood vinegar and some semi-coke. After further refining, 300 kilograms of bio-crude can be used to make bio-gasoline and bio-diesel. After improvement, it can be used as a car. Use fuel. Wood vinegar can be used as a foliar fertilizer in agriculture, or as a fertilizer improver, and can also be used to produce snow melting agents. The semi-coke can be made of activated carbon.
Microalgae oil prospects
“The cost of refining and processing a ton of dry canola is around 500 yuan. If a continuous high-pressure liquefaction plant with an annual output of 1,000 tons of bio-crude oil is opened, continuous operation is required, so long-period material supply is needed. The seasonal outbreak of Brassica fuciformis is difficult to guarantee supply.†Tian Yuanyu told reporters that microalgae oil production is currently a new topic in the world. If we can put some kelp, seaweed, aquatic plants, water hyacinth, and other high-hydrophytic plants All are using oil, the prospects are still very broad.
According to reports, there are many kinds of algae, and about 30,000 species are known at present. However, the habits of algae are diverse and adaptable to the environment. Algae exists almost everywhere on Earth; During the growing period, one hectare of corn can produce 172 liters of biomass fuel, one hectare of soybean can produce 446 liters, one hectare of rapeseed can produce 1190 liters, one hectare of palm trees can produce 5950 liters, and one hectare of microalgae can produce 9.5 liters. Million.
Tian Yuanyu told reporters that 90% of photosynthesis on the earth is carried out by algae. The microalgae can effectively use solar energy to fix the carbon dioxide through photosynthesis and transform inorganic substances into hydrogen, highly unsaturated alkanes, oils and other energy substances; and the microalgae bioenergy can be regenerated, and no toxic and harmful substances are emitted after combustion. There is no net increase in carbon dioxide.
Biorefining policy urgently "accelerates"
At present, the European Union, the United States, and Brazil have clearly put forward the development goals of biofuels. Brazil's sugar cane ethanol has replaced 51% of the oil, and China's biofuels account for less than 1% of liquid fuels.
A few days ago, at the 2011 China Biorefinery Conference, experts proposed that our country should not lose its position in the green revolution represented by biotechnology, and that there is no need for more explicit policy guidance and support.
Professor Li Shizhong, deputy director of the Institute of New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University's Institute of Nuclear Energy, took the demonstration project of sweet sorghum stalk production of ethanol as an example to demonstrate the remarkable social and economic benefits of the biorefinery: 30,000 mu of sweet sorghum stalk can be produced. 10,000 tons of ethanol are produced; half of the slag can raise 6,000 cows, and the other half can produce biogas, which can create more than 5,000 jobs. The investment in ethylene plants using petroleum as raw materials is much larger, and it can only provide 500 jobs. However, bio-refinery has not received corresponding attention in China. Last year, China invested 54 billion yuan in renewable energy, mainly for solar energy, wind energy, and nuclear energy.
Zhao Jungui, deputy chairman and secretary-general of the China Petrochemical Federation, said that the EU clearly stated that by 2020, the proportion of biofuels in transportation fuels will increase to 10%. China's biofuel production capacity is currently 3.6 million tons/year, and its output is only 1.6 million tons/year, which only accounts for 0.7% of liquid fuels. Its strategic position in the future energy layout is far from being reflected.
Zhao Jungui suggested that relevant state departments should increase support for the biorefineries industry in order to promote the study of common problems such as diversification of raw material sources.
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