World Fire Safety Knowledge 9

World Fire Safety Knowledge

1. What is the danger of dumping debris in a corridor?

Answer: (1) It can easily lead to fires and help them spread quickly; (2) In case of a fire, blocked corridors make it difficult for people and materials to evacuate safely; (3) It hinders firefighting efforts and increases the risk of damage.

2. Why can't I use paper as a lampshade?

Answer: The ignition point of paper is around 130°C, while a standard 60W light bulb can reach temperatures between 140°C and 180°C under normal conditions. This temperature is far above the ignition point of paper, so using paper as a shade could cause it to catch fire.

3. A female shoemaker at a leather shoe factory in Wenzhou did not clean up glue that had fallen on the floor. As a result, a large amount of volatile gas was released. When the workshop started, sparks from the equipment came into contact with the flammable gas and caused an explosion. What was the cause of the fire?

Answer: The cause of the fire was improper handling of the production process by the worker, leading to the accumulation of flammable vapors and subsequent ignition upon contact with sparks.

4. How to use a dry powder fire extinguisher?

Answer: To use a dry powder fire extinguisher, first remove the safety pin. Hold the nozzle in one hand and press the handle with the other. Before using, shake the extinguisher several times to loosen the powder. Aim the nozzle at the base of the fire and sweep from side to side. Keep a safe distance—5kg models can reach 3–5 meters, and 8kg models can spray up to 4–5 meters. Avoid spraying directly at liquid surfaces when fighting oil fires to prevent splashing.

5. What are the three outlet sizes on a fire hydrant? What are their uses? What are the installation requirements for ground bolts?

Answer: There are three outlets on a fire hydrant. The two side outlets have a diameter of 65mm and are used to connect fire hoses, while the middle outlet is 100mm and is used for connecting to fire engines. Ground bolts should be installed along roads, near intersections, and no more than 120 meters apart. Each bolt should cover a radius of 150 meters, and the distance from the road should not exceed 2 meters. They should be at least 5 meters away from building walls, or at least 1.5 meters if space is limited. The main water outlet should be perpendicular to the road during installation.

6. What does the “five-distance” regulation mean in material warehouse management?

Answer: The “five distances” refer to the required spacing between stored materials and the warehouse walls, columns, lighting fixtures, ceiling beams, and other stored materials. These spaces help improve air circulation, reduce fire risks, and ensure safer storage conditions.

7. What are the principles of fire safety management in high-rise buildings?

Answer: In high-rise buildings, the principle of "prevention first, combining prevention and elimination" should be followed. Self-protection, strict management, and scientific approaches are essential to maintain fire safety and minimize risks.

8. If a fire blocks the stairwell on a specific floor, how can trapped people escape? (List two methods)

Answer: (1) Trapped individuals can go to the roof and then use a neighboring unblocked stairwell to reach the ground. (2) They should move toward windows visible from the street or where they can be seen. They can throw small items down or use a flashlight to signal for help.

9. What should be done if a fire breaks out in a high-rise building?

Answer: (1) Upon receiving the alarm, confirm the situation and respond quickly. If automatic fire suppression systems are available, activate them and call 119 immediately. (2) Cut off the power supply to the affected area, close ventilation ducts and doors, and open emergency stairs and life-saving equipment. (3) Use the public address system or send personnel to guide occupants to safe areas and avoid panic. (4) After the fire is controlled, protect the scene and restrict access to unauthorized personnel.