World Fire Safety Knowledge 9

World Fire Safety Knowledge

1. What is the danger of dumping debris in a corridor?

Disposing of waste or debris in a corridor can pose significant fire hazards. It not only increases the risk of fire spreading quickly but also obstructs emergency exits, making it harder for people to evacuate safely. Additionally, it can hinder firefighting efforts by blocking access to critical areas.

2. Why can't I make paper shades?

Paper has a low ignition point—around 130°C. Standard light bulbs, such as a 60W bulb, can reach surface temperatures between 140°C and 180°C under normal use. This temperature easily exceeds the paper's burning point, increasing the risk of fire if used as a shade. Therefore, it’s important to avoid using flammable materials near heat sources.

3. What caused the fire in the leather shoe factory?

A female worker failed to clean up glue that had fallen on the floor. As the glue evaporated, it released flammable vapors. When the workshop equipment was turned on, sparks from the machinery ignited these vapors, leading to a fire or explosion. The primary cause was improper handling of flammable materials during the production process.

4. How to use a dry powder fire extinguisher?

To use a dry powder fire extinguisher, first remove the safety pin. Hold the nozzle with one hand and press the handle with the other. Before use, shake the extinguisher several times to loosen the powder. Aim at the base of the fire and sweep from side to side. For oil fires, avoid spraying directly at the liquid surface to prevent splashing. The effective range varies depending on the size of the extinguisher (typically 3–5 meters for 5kg and 4–5 meters for 8kg).

5. What are the three outlets on the fire floor and their uses?

The ground has three outlets: two with a diameter of 65mm and one with 100mm. The smaller ones are connected to fire hoses, while the larger one is used for connecting to fire engines for water supply. Installation requirements include placing them along streets, within 120 meters of each other, with a protection radius of 150 meters. They should be no more than 2 meters from the road and at least 5 meters away from building walls, or 1.5 meters if space is limited. The main outlet should be perpendicular to the road for optimal access.

6. What does the "five-distance" regulation mean in material warehouses?

The "five distances" refer to maintaining clear spaces between stored materials and various elements in the warehouse. These include the distance from walls, columns, lights, ceiling beams, and other stored items. This helps prevent fire spread and ensures proper ventilation and accessibility.

7. What are the principles of fire safety in high-rise buildings?

Fire safety in high-rise buildings should follow the principle of "prevention first, combining prevention with elimination." It emphasizes self-protection, strict management, and scientific control measures to ensure the safety of occupants and property.

8. What should trapped people do if the stairwell is blocked?

If the stairwell is blocked, trapped individuals can: (1) go to the roof and then use a neighboring, unblocked stairwell to escape; (2) move to a visible window and signal for help by throwing small objects or using a flashlight to attract attention.

9. What should be done if a fire breaks out in a high-rise building?

Upon detecting a fire: (1) confirm the alarm and immediately head to the fire room. If an automatic system is available, activate it and call 119. (2) Cut off power to the affected area, close doors and windows, and open emergency exits and life-saving equipment. (3) Use the public address system or send staff to guide people to safe locations. (4) After the fire is controlled, protect the scene to prevent unauthorized entry.