Must Know Security Knowledge

Types of emergency warning: red warning (especially serious), orange warning (serious), yellow warning (heavier), blue warning (general).

Evaluating the control of hazard sources mainly considers the following aspects: 1 The ability to prevent people from making mistakes; 2 The ability to control the consequences of mistakes; 3 The ability to prevent failures from being transmitted; 4 The difficulty in causing accidents due to mistakes or failures.

There are two situations in which a dangerous substance exceeds a critical mass: in one case, the quantity of one dangerous substance in a unit reaches or exceeds a critical mass, and in the other case, the sum of the ratio of the number of dangerous substances in a unit to its critical mass is greater than 1 .

Hazard control

The security measures to prevent accidents are:
1 Elimination of hazards; 2 Restriction of energy or hazardous substances; 3 Isolation.

The safety techniques to avoid or reduce the accidental loss are:
1 Segregation; 2 Evacuation and rescue.

The general source of hazard consists of three elements: potential hazards, conditions of presence, and triggering factors.

Safety epigram:

Discipline does not limit the cages and chains of freedom. The system is a solid railroad for safety and happiness.
Go out with umbrellas to guard against the rain.
You talk about violations of human nature, and the incident is not merciless to you.

Major hazards and hazards refer to hazards and hazards that can cause major accidents. The major hazard source refers to the objective existence of dangerous substances or equipment facilities where the energy exceeds the critical amount. Major accident hidden dangers refer to potential accident hazards that may result in the death of more than 10 personnel or direct economic losses of more than RMB 5 million or significant social impact during the production and operation of an enterprise.

According to GB 18218-2000, a major hazard source is a unit (including sites and facilities) that produces, transports, uses, or stores dangerous goods for a long period of time or temporarily, and the number of dangerous goods equals or exceeds a critical amount. In general, a unit refers to a (set) production facility, facility or location, or several (sets) of production facilities, facilities, or locations that are within the same factory and have an edge distance of less than 500 meters.

Once an accident occurs to a major hazard source, it is often a catastrophic accident such as group deaths, group injuries, fires, explosions, and poisoning.

According to GB18218-2000, major hazards are classified as follows

Major hazard sources are classified into major hazard sources in production sites and major hazard sources in storage areas.

There are four specific types of substances: 1. explosive substances, 2. flammable substances, 3. active chemical substances, 4. toxic substances

The hazard level of major hazard sources is generally four, namely a primary hazard source (R≥200M), a secondary major hazard source (100M≤R<200M), a three-stage major hazard source (50M≤R<100M) and four Major hazards (R<50M), where R is the radius of death.

Major hazards may be formed in the form of disasters:

Extraordinary fire accidents; Extraordinary traffic safety accidents; Extraordinarily large construction quality and safety accidents; Extraordinary safety accidents of civil explosives and chemical dangerous goods; Extraordinary safety accidents in coal mines and other mines; Extraordinary safety accidents in boilers, pressure vessels, pressure pipelines and special equipment, and others Security accident.

Major hazards may be formed in the form of disasters:
Extraordinary fire accidents; Extraordinary traffic safety accidents; Extraordinarily large construction quality and safety accidents; Extraordinary safety accidents of civil explosives and chemical dangerous goods; Extraordinary safety accidents in coal mines and other mines; Extraordinary safety accidents in boilers, pressure vessels, pressure pipelines and special equipment, and others Security accident.

Safety evaluation method:

The method of safety evaluation refers to the use of relevant scientific principles and practical experience to provide safety assessment methods, means or methods for the system. There are many safety assessment methods, and often there are:
1. Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method 2. Material Hazard Index Evaluation Method 3. Hazardous Material Scoring Method 4. Operating Conditions Hazard Rating Method 5. System Safety Basic Scoring Method

Safety epigram

Ignoring safety and grasping production is taking fire from the fire;
Good humanism actually harms people and gives the accident a green light. Implement a measure that is better than ten slogans.

The safety inspection methods include regular inspections, regular safety inspections, professional safety inspections, and mass inspections.

Safety and health inspection classification:

(1) Statutory inspections: follow the inspections required by the safety and health laws; (2) External inspections: conducted by law enforcement, insurance, and consulting agencies; (3) Administrative inspections: visits by superior management personnel; (4) Routine inspections: by The supervisors carry out the plan within the appropriate time; (5) Production inspection: inspection of new or re-commissioned equipment; (6) Continuous inspection: by workers and supervisors, which can be formal, pre-planned or informal .

Before any inspection is started, the following important issues should be stipulated:

(1) What matters need to be checked (2) What aspects of the items listed in the table need to be checked (3) What kind of status needs to be checked (4) How long does it take to conduct an inspection (5) Who will perform the inspection?

Following the following ideas will help improve the inspection techniques:
(1) Necessary knowledge and experience, (2) Formulation and use of applicable checklists, (3) Notes, (4) Be good at reviewing and applying archived reports, (5) Be good at thinking and asking questions, (6) Be good at discovering And tracking, (7) correcting hazards at any time, (8) doing quantitative tests as much as possible, (9) correcting unsafe behaviors at any time, (10) checking risk assessments

The major production-related harmful factors that may exist in the production environment of major production hazardous substances can be summarized as: (1) productive toxicants; (2) productive dust; (3) abnormal climatic conditions; (4) radiation; (5 ) High pressure and bottom pressure; (6) Productive noise and vibration.

Courses taught in safety courses include: report-style safety courses, audio-visual safety classes, answer-and-answer safety courses, seminar-style safety courses, lecture-style safety courses, symposium-style safety courses, visit-style safety courses, competition-style safety courses, and experimental safety Lessons and integrated safety lessons.

Types of safety and health training: (1) induction training for new workers or transfer workers; (2) job training; (3) training for supervisors and managers;

(4) Specialized professional and technical training.
Re-employment safety education refers to the safety education before returning to work after an employee is injured, recovered from illness, or after a long vacation. The objects of resumption education include those who have recovered from work-related injuries and those who have been on holiday for more than three months. There are: (1) Safety education for returning to work after work injury; (2) Safety education after returning to work.

"Five New" Safety Education
The "five new" safety education refers to the new operation methods and new job safety education before adopting new technologies, new technologies, new materials, new equipment, and new products.

How to do a good job of safety education and training?
1. To establish and develop security education positions; 2. Safety education must be regularized; The methods and methods of education must be flexible and diverse, strive to be vivid and avoid empty talk; 4. To combine education with the prediction and prevention of accidents, 5. It is necessary to establish and improve the safety education system; To study the human psychology, personality characteristics; 7. To write textbooks suitable for various needs; 8. We must actively promote school safety education.

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