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As a high-performance fiber material, carbon fiber is widely used in aviation and sports industries. Conventional methods for preparing carbon fiber are based on petrochemical energy sources such as polyacrylonitrile and mesophase pitch, but due to the non-renewability of fossil energy sources and the generation of pollutants during the preparation of carbon fibers (such as cyanide production during the preparation of PAN-based carbon fibers). Hydrogen is a toxic gas, which pollutes the environment. Therefore, using renewable, non-toxic natural resources as raw materials, it is of great significance to develop an environmentally friendly, low-cost process for preparing carbon fibers.
Recently, researchers from the Resource Chemistry Research Institute of the Xinjiang Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, based on the transformation of Xinjiang's resources, used waste cotton linters as raw materials to develop a new environmentally friendly, low-cost process for preparing carbon fibers. This process not only recycles waste cotton linters to make regenerated cellulose fibers, but also uses this as a raw material to develop a process for preparing high value-added carbon fibers. In the process of preparing carbon fiber, the more environmentally friendly CarbaCell method is adopted. Compared with the traditional method for preparing regenerated cellulose, the process is not only simple in production process (no aging, mixing, aging, etc.), but also in the process of preparing regenerated cellulose fiber. No toxic contaminants such as carbon disulfide, hydrogen sulfide, etc. are produced, and the process can be used on conventional viscose-based fiber production equipment. In the carbonization process, cheaper diammonium hydrogen phosphate is used as an impregnant. The experimental results show that compared with the sample without impregnating agent, the carbonization yield is increased by 133%, and the tensile strength reaches 0.72 GPa, which is excellent in similar biomass-based carbon fibers.
The related research results were published in the international journal ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering in the field of sustainable green chemistry and engineering. This green, low-cost process provides a new approach for the preparation of biomass-based carbon fibers.
The research work was supported by projects supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the "Hundred Talents Program" and the "Thousand Talents Program" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
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