Autumn delayed tomato refers to the sowing of seedlings in summer, planting in early September, and the cultivation of this kind of tomato in Yangshuo, greenhouse or greenhouse in early October. Delayed cultivation of tomato in autumn is generally harvested from mid-November to early December. After a period of storage, it can be used in the market on New Year's Day or Spring Festival to achieve high economic benefits. Delayed cultivation of tomato in autumn, the temperature is low in the early stage, the plant is weak, and susceptible to viral disease. To cultivate good autumn delay tomatoes, you must do the following:
First, choose the right variety
Should choose adaptable, disease-resistant, high-yield dwarf varieties, such as Lufen 2, Zaofeng, Xifen 3, Jinfen 65 and so on.
Second, cultivate high-quality strong seedlings
Appropriate sowing date is very important for late tomato cultivation, and the suitable sowing date is from the end of July to the beginning of August. 3-4 days before sowing, soaking with 10% trisodium phosphate for 20 minutes, washing the disinfectant with water, soaking in warm water at 30 °C for 3 hours, germination at room temperature, germination and sowing in the prepared nursery, seedlings立 立 立 畦 畦 竿 竿 竿 竿 竿 竿 竿 畦 畦 畦 畦 畦 畦 畦 畦 畦 畦 畦 畦 畦 畦 畦 畦 畦 畦After the emergence of seedlings and time seedlings, and pay attention to the control of aphids. When tomato mites appear 2-3 true leaves, the seedlings are 12-13 cm apart. During the slow seedling period, take a shed in the afternoon before noon. Watering and dicing 4-5 days before planting, planting with soil mites.
Third, colonization
The planting period is from late August to early September. A few days before planting, the base fertilizer was applied to make a 1.5-meter-wide scorpion, and each row was planted with 4 rows, the plant spacing was 30 cm, and watered after planting.
Fourth, cultivating, topdressing, irrigation
After delaying the planting of the tomato in the autumn, the cultivating should be carried out in time. When the seedlings are 7-8 leaves, pour 1 time of water, and then cultivate the seedlings. After the first ear is sitting, it begins to topdress, applying 20 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer per acre, and then pouring large water to promote fruit enlargement. After each sitting on a spike, combined with watering to chase 1 time fertilizer, each time using 15-20 kg of urea or 30-40 kg of ammonium sulfate or 15-20 kg of diammonium phosphate.
Five, the frame, the flower and fruit
In the autumn delayed tomato, the single-stalk pruning method was adopted. Except for the main stalk, all the lateral branches of the spider mites were removed early, 4-5 fruits were left per panicle, and the excess flowers and fruits were all removed. Hang the vines with plastic ropes in the shed. After mid-September, the nighttime temperature is low, which is not conducive to tomato pollination and fertilization. In the flowering and fruiting period, when 2-4 flowers per panicle are used, 15-20ppm of 2,4-D can be used to paint, or 30-40ppm of tomato coffin flower can be used to improve the fruit setting rate.
Sixth, topping, thinning, thinning
When the remaining result branches reach a certain number of spikes and the number of leaves, the top growth point is removed. Topping should leave 2-3 leaves on the inflorescence, which is beneficial to the growth of the fruit and prevents the fruit from being exposed to the sun directly causing sunburn. The thinning and thinning of the autumn tomato can ensure that the plant has a certain number of results, reduce the nutritional deficiency caused by too many results, accelerate the fruit hypertrophy, increase the weight of the single fruit, improve the uniformity of the fruit, improve the quality, and improve the commerciality. The number of fruit plants per plant should be 3-4 fruits per ear for large fruit varieties, 4-5 fruits for medium fruit types, and more than 5 for small fruit varieties. Tomato cultivation should be used to remove excess flower buds and deformed flowers during flowering. After fruit setting, fruits with irregular fruit shapes, irregular shapes and too late development of the same ear should be removed.
Seven, covering the cold
The temperature in autumn is getting lower and should be covered in time to maintain a suitable temperature. From the end of September to the beginning of October, the wall is smashed in the north, east, and west of the tomato scorpion, and the box is placed in the yang. From the end of September to the beginning of October, the tomato is covered with plastic film at night and uncovered during the day. After the frost, cover the plastic film during the day and cover the grass at night. Tomatoes that are delayed in cultivation in plastic greenhouses or greenhouses can be planted directly in the shed and buckled in the middle and late October.
Eight, harvest
After the tomato turns red, it should be harvested in time to facilitate the normal growth and development of other fruits on the plant. Fruits that have turned red and red can be marketed after storage for 15-20 days at a low temperature of 2-5 °C. In the first ten days of December, the weather is cold. All fruits should be collected and stored in a package, and the storage temperature should not be lower than 8 °C.
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