Formulated fertilization is the main technical measure for greenhouse vegetables, but the prerequisite for formula fertilization is that soil nutrients (such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc.) must be measured, and then according to soil nutrient levels and fertilizer characteristics and production season of different vegetable varieties. Fertilizer formulation and application, such as management level, is a relatively complicated technical work. The formula fertilization techniques of several vegetables are introduced below for reference.
First, cucumber fertilization technology
Cucumber is a kind of high-yield vegetable. It has a long period of time, and it needs long-term nutrition to meet the needs of growth and development. It should be topdressed in time. Generally, the production of 1000 kg of cucumber requires 2.6 kg of pure nitrogen, 1.5 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and 3.5 kg of potassium oxide. According to the calculation of 5000-7000 kg per mu of greenhouse, 13-19.5 kg of pure nitrogen, 1.5 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and potassium oxide are required. 3.5 kg. Before the cucumber is planted, it should be applied with 5000-7500 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer and 15-20 kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer as the base fertilizer. After the planting, the fertilizer should be chased every 7-10 days, and combined with watering. The whole fertilizer should be applied 8-10 times during the growth period of the cucumber, and about 5 kg of urea should be applied per mu in the seedling period. About 10 kg of urea + moderate amount of potassium fertilizer should be applied per mu in the melon period, and 0.3% chemical fertilizer concentration and pesticide or spray can also be applied. Shibao, Zenggualing, Fengguo and other growth hormones are mixed for foliar application.
Second, tomato fertilization technology
Tomato is a high-yield vegetable with a yield of more than 5,000 kg per mu. The production of 1000 kg of tomato requires 3.85 kg of pure nitrogen, 1.2 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and 4.4 kg of potassium oxide. According to the calculation of 5000 kg per mu, 5000 kg of high-quality farmyard manure and 50 kg of phosphate fertilizer should be applied before planting. When the first ear fruit is expanded to the size of egg yolk, the first top dressing should be carried out. The ear is applied with 18-20 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 15-16 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 16-17 kg of potassium fertilizer, and the second, third and fourth ear fruits are expanded to egg yolk. In large hours, the fertilizer should be applied in time and in a timely manner. At this time, the amount of fertilizer needed should be large, and the amount of topdressing should be increased appropriately. Each top dressing should be combined with watering. It is also possible to use a 0.3% chemical fertilizer combined with a disease-preventing drug for foliar application, or a mixture of sitting fruit and fruit.
Third, the fertilization technology of pepper
Whether it is a large sweet pepper or a small pepper, the general production of 1000 kg requires 5.2 kg of pure nitrogen, 1.2 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and 6.5 kg of potassium oxide. Before planting, 5,000 kilograms of high-quality farmyard manure and 50 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer were used as base fertilizer. In the early stage of root pepper expansion, the first top dressing should be started to promote fruit enlargement. 15-18 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 18-20 kg of phosphate fertilizer and 15-17 kg of potassium fertilizer. The second layer, the third layer, the fourth layer of fruit, and the full amount of fertilizer need to increase gradually, and the amount of fertilizer should be increased in an appropriate amount to meet the nutrients required for the peak period. Each time the top dressing should be combined with soil and watering. Anti-insect and anti-disease drugs can also be mixed with 0.3% of chemical fertilizer concentration, Fengguo, Chiling, etc. for foliar application.
Fourth, celery fertilization technology
Generally, 1000 kg of celery is required to produce 2 kg of pure nitrogen, 1 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and 4 kg of potassium oxide. Calculated by producing 5000 kg of celery per mu, 5000 kg of high-quality farmyard manure and 40 kg of phosphate fertilizer should be applied per mu before planting. When the plant growth height is 10 cm, the first top dressing should be started, and the nitrogen fertilizer should be applied with 7-10 kg of nitrogen fertilizer and 10-15 kg of potassium fertilizer. Celery enters the vigorous growth period, it needs nutrient increase, every 1-7 days to chase 1 fat, a total of 3-4 times, each time apply 15-20 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 10-20 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 20-25 kg of potassium fertilizer. Each time the top dressing should be combined with watering. It can also be combined with anti-disease drugs to add 0.3% chemical fertilizer concentration and spray Shibao for foliar application.
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