In 1792 the Swedish chemist Elm sealed the burning charcoal and molybdic acid mixture with linseed oil to obtain molybdenum. As molybdenum has the advantages of high strength, high melting point, corrosion resistance, abrasion resistance, etc., it has been widely used in the industry.
Molybdenum Introduction:
In the metallurgical industry, molybdenum is used as an additive for the production of various alloy steels, or as a high-grade alloy with tungsten, nickel, cobalt, zirconium, titanium, vanadium, niobium, etc. to increase its high temperature strength, wear resistance and corrosion resistance. Molybdenum-containing alloy steels are used to make transportation devices, locomotives, industrial machinery, and various instruments. Certain stainless steels containing 4%-5% molybdenum are used in the production of precision chemical meters and equipment used in seawater environments. With 4% - 9.5% of high-speed steel can produce high-speed cutting tools. Alloys of molybdenum and nickel and chromium are used to make corrosion-resistant parts on metal components, locomotives, and automobiles in airplanes. Alloys of molybdenum and tungsten, chromium, and vanadium are used to make alloy components and components for warships, tanks, guns, rockets, and satellites.
Molybdenum metal is widely used as a heating material and structural material for high-temperature electric furnaces, large electrodes and grids for vacuum tubes, semiconductors, and electric light source materials. Due to its small thermal neutron capture cross section and high durability, it can also be used as a structural material for nuclear reactors.
In the chemical industry, molybdenum is used mainly for lubricants, catalysts and pigments. Due to its lamellar crystal structure and its surface chemistry, molybdenum disulfide has good lubricating properties under high temperature and high pressure and is widely used as an additive for oils and greases. Molybdenum is a catalyst component in the desulfurization process of hydrogen production and other petroleum refining processes and is used in the redox reaction of ethanol, formaldehyde and oil-based chemicals. Molybdenum orange is an important pigment pigment. Molybdenum chemicals are widely used in dyes, inks, color precipitating dyes, and anti-corrosion primers.
Molybdenum compounds are also widely used in agricultural fertilizers.
Molybdenum ore raw material features:
The elemental abundance of molybdenum in the earth's crust is approximately 1×10-6. In magmatic rocks, the molybdenum content in granites is the highest, reaching 2×10-6. In the geochemical classification, molybdenum is a transitional iron-philic element. In the formation of internal ore, molybdenum is mainly combined with sulfur to form molybdenite.
Molybdenite (MoS2) is the most widely distributed molybdenum mineral with more than 30 kinds of molybdenum-containing minerals known in nature. Other common molybdenum-containing minerals include iron-molybdenum-iron ([Fe3+(MoO4)8·8H2O]), calcium molybdate (CaMoO4), molybdenite (PbMoO4), molybdenum sulfide (MoS2), blue molybdenum Mine (Mo3O8·nH2O) and so on.
There are many types of molybdenite. Experiments show that the appearance of multi-type molybdenite is related to the formation temperature. The formation temperature of 2H molybdenite is higher than that of 3R molybdenite. From low to high temperatures, amorphous MoS2→colloidal MoS2→3MoS2→2HMoS2 is formed. The temperature measurement data indicates that the formation temperature of the molybdenite has a relatively wide range, and it can form from a high temperature to a relatively low temperature, and a large amount is formed in the high to medium temperature stage. Under hydrothermal conditions, MoS2 precipitates under acidic conditions, ie, molybdenite is most stable under acidic conditions. When the solution turns to neutral, molybdenum becomes soluble thiomolybdate and molybdate and reactivates. . Under low temperature and normal temperature condition, Mo4+ forms the gum sulfurous molybdenum ore (MoS2) in the strongly acidic reducing environment, and its oxidation product is blue-molybdenum ore (Mo3O8·nH2O). In the exogenous role, molybdenum is Mo6+ and has strong activity. It is similar to uranium and is stable in the near-neutral or alkaline-altered transitional environment of oxidation and reduction, thereby generating a variety of uranium-containing molybdate minerals, such as molybdenum uranium [(UO2)MoO4·4H2O], molybdenum Ca uranium ore [Ca (UO2) 3 (MoO4) · (OH) 2 · 11H2O] and so on. Iron molybdenum [Fe2(MoO4)3·nH2O] is a common mineral formed by sulphide ore under acidic conditions (pH=3~5). The molybdenite is a product of molybdenum-containing lead-zinc ore under neutral conditions.
Since cesium and molybdenum have similar ionic radii, they often replace molybdenum and concentrate in molybdenite, which is a major source of industrial thorium. The content of niobium in molybdenite is often related to the content of 3R in molybdenite and the niobium content in the ore-forming solution.
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