Livestock husbandry plays an important role in the New Zealand economy. However, animal husbandry animals in the livestock industry hiccup and fart, releasing large amounts of methane, and become the main emitter of greenhouse gases in New Zealand.
New Zealand is investigating genes or vaccine “therapies†for animals to reduce their methane emissions. New Zealand’s Minister of Trade Phil Goff said that breakthroughs have been made in the study.
"Exhaust" army
The Los Angeles Times reported on the 8th that New Zealand’s population is only 4 million, but it has about 40 million sheep, 9 million beef cattle and dairy cows, and more than 1 million deer.
Animal husbandry brings rolling foreign exchange earnings to New Zealand. But such docile ruminants are an important source of greenhouse gas emissions in New Zealand. Every day, the food they consume is fermented in the rumen (the rumen's forefoot) through a variety of microorganisms and saliva, producing large amounts of methane, released into the atmosphere as the animal burps and farts.
According to statistics, nearly 20% of global methane emissions are contributed by livestock. In New Zealand where livestock is large, methane and nitrous oxide emissions account for nearly 50% of the country’s total greenhouse gas emissions.
Although the total amount of methane emitted is second to carbon dioxide, the methane destroying power is 23 times that of carbon dioxide in terms of the greenhouse effect per unit weight. Climatologists point out that methane is one of the most important culprits in global warming.
Government restrictions
With funding from the New Zealand government, the Animal Husbandry Greenhouse Research Association was established. The Federation has 25 full-time researchers who use genetic engineering, cloning techniques, and vaccination to find ways to reduce animal greenhouse gas emissions.
New Zealand’s Minister of Trade Goff said on the 4th: “Our agricultural research institute has successfully mapped the chromosomes that cause methane emissions from ruminants. We believe that this type of gas emissions can be reduced by vaccinating animals.â€
According to the plan, New Zealand is scheduled to implement a greenhouse gas quota exchange system in July. Individuals and institutions can sell or purchase greenhouse gas quotas to meet their production and living needs. Methane will become a limiting object just like carbon dioxide.
In addition, New Zealand also advocates for the inclusion of farmers in the quota exchange system, making it the first country to require farmers to pay for excessive greenhouse gas emissions.
Dissenting peasants
However, some agricultural and animal husbandry associations have raised objections to government measures to reduce emissions.
Charlie Pedersen, chairman of the New Zealand Farmers Association Association, warned that the exchange of greenhouse gas quotas will lead to a halving of farmers’ profits and that many farmers will be bankrupted in the next five years.
The New Zealand Farmers Association has 14,000 farmer members, accounting for about two-thirds of New Zealand farmers. Pedersen, who is also an organic farm owner, has about 9,000 cattle and sheep in Foxton, about 100 kilometers northeast of New Zealand's capital Wellington.
Pedersen said that consumers demand that animals be free from abuse and the environment is not affected, and that agricultural products should be kept at a low price. If farmers must purchase quotas for the animals' normal physiological responses, they will not be able to guarantee the benefits.
He also ironically stated that New Zealand's chimney is so clean that animals become the biggest source of pollution.
Mark Aspin, administrator of the Animal Husbandry Greenhouse Gas Research Institute, said that in the struggle to curb global warming, farmers are "unarmed," and scientists have the responsibility to provide them with scientific weapons.
But he also frankly said: "To change the evolutionary outcome of animals for hundreds of thousands of years is indeed a big challenge." (Chen Lixi)
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