 |
Spin relaxation time of polycrystalline and monocrystalline platinum
Spin relaxation model
Tohoku University in Japan announced on June 30, 2016 that a single-crystal thin film of platinum (Pt) with strong spin-orbit interactions has been fabricated. Through detailed analysis of the thickness dependence of the quantum interference effect, the spin of the thin film was ascertained. Conduction mechanism. It is found that the spin relaxation time of the single crystal platinum film is inversely proportional to the scattering time of the electrons, and the electron spin is propagated along the edge.
Due to the strong spin-orbit interaction, platinum is very promising as a material that creates the electromotive force of the spin-orbit torque and the spin Seebeck effect. Also recently, the spin-orbital torque, which uses a spin current to reverse the magnetization direction of a magnet, has attracted attention as a new magnetization reversal technique. On the other hand, as an indicator of the intensity of the spin Hall effect, the spin Hall angle of platinum (swirling/charge flow: conversion of current and spin current when using different measurement methods and sample preparation methods) Efficiency will vary by nearly one digit, so it is necessary to investigate the spin conduction phenomenon in platinum.
This time, the researchers fabricated a platinum monocrystalline ultra-thin film on a magnesium oxide (MgO(111)) substrate and compared the quantum interference effect with a polycrystalline platinum film fabricated on a gallium arsenide (GaAs(001)) substrate. Film thickness dependence of conductivity). The results show that the known Elliot-Yafet spin relaxation mechanism dominates the platinum polycrystalline film. This shows that when the electron spin is scattered by scattering potentials such as impurities, the spin direction will be reversed, and the spin relaxation time is proportional to the electron scattering time.
For Pt thin films, the Dyakonov-Pelel spin relaxation mechanism plays an important role. That is, for a system in which the space inversion symmetry between the compound semiconductor and the surface is broken, the electron spin will induce an effective magnetic field through the spin-orbit interaction, and the spin relaxation generated during the edge-precession edge conduction process. Under the action of the mechanism, the spin relaxation time is inversely proportional to the electron scattering time.
This result indicates that the well-known Rashba spin-orbit interaction in compound semiconductor heterostructures contributes to spin relaxation, and spin precession can be controlled by the electric field. It is expected to provide new knowledge and design guidelines for spintronics, such as magnet magnetization reversal technology using spin torque, spin Seebeck effect, and the like.
The research project was funded by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science’s scientific research grant. The research results were published on the Internet version of the Physical Review Letters, a science journal of the United States, on June 22, 2016.
Hitachi Launches New TX Series Escalator for
India, Asia and the Middle East
Tokyo, August 21, 2017 --- Hitachi, Ltd. (TSE: 6501, [Hitachi") and Hitachi Building Systems Co., Ltd. today announced the launch of the new TX Series escalator for India, Asia and the Middle East. The escalator has already been released in China*1, and will be released in stages across the remainder regions, commencing August 21, 2017.
In July 2016, Hitachi integrated its escalator businesses of Japan and China, consolidating its resources and enhancing its business operations in both countries, centered around its key business location in Guangzhou, China. The new TX Series escalator launched by Hitachi is a model that meets multiple standards in China, India, Asia and the Middle East. The model follows the same concept for the machine room-less elevator for Asia and the Middle East which was launched in September 2016. In addition to conforming to Chinese safety and quality standards for escalator equipment, the TX Series will be manufactured in accordance with Hitachi's own strict standards of safety and quality, adhering to safety standards in all other regions. It also adopts a functional design based on the concept of an escalator that fits closely with the unconscious actions of users, in the pursuit of their ease and comfort.
The TX Series offers flexibility with a selection of various product specifications, as well as its excellent design and safety features, designed to cater to a diverse range of customer needs. It also saves space required for the installation, covering a smaller area in comparison with existing products*2.
Hitachi will begin sales of the TX Series in Thailand, followed by launches in the Philippines, Malaysia and various other regions, and aims to receive orders of 10,000 units in 2018 in China, India, Asia and the Middle East.
Features of the TX Series
-
Safety
The TX Series offers various new safety features designed with optimal user safety in mind. The side portions of the steps are 8 mm higher than the central portion to prevent accidents in which a users' shoe can become caught between the step and the skirt (side wall) of the escalator. The new TX series has also been fitted with brushes located at foot level on the left and right skirts to let users know if their foot comes into contact with the side walls. A special finish has also been adopted for the landing plates at the entry and exit points of the escalator to prevent users from slipping when getting on and off the escalator. -
Design
The TX Series adopts a simple and functional design that offers the smoothness, safety and comfort that users unconsciously expect to experience when riding an escalator. For example, by minimizing the size of the metal frame supporting the escalator's balustrades, the TX Series' design maximizes the size of the glass surfaces, and achieves greater simplicity at the entrance and exit points (landings) by reducing the number of recesses and protrusions around the hand rail. Additionally, by expanding the installation space of the light fixture, the TX Series also enables enhanced lighting options for illuminating the entire surroundings of the balustrades. -
Space saving
By shortening the span dimensions*3 by 150 mm, the TX Series has made it possible to install escalators in more confined spaces where installation presents difficulties with conventional product designs.
*2 The made-in-China escalator, [SX series," which is previous model of [TX series."
*3 The span between the beam on upper floor and that on the lower floor of the escalator when the escalator is installed.
Hitachi Escalator Spare Parts,Hitachi Escalator Parts,Hitachi Driven Wheel,Hitachi Step Rollers
CEP Elevator Products ( China ) Co., Ltd. , https://www.zjelevatorcontrolsystem.com