In China's current “military service firefighting systemâ€, firefighters are all serving military personnel, so fire fighters who are fighting in front of the fire are mostly young people. According to the normal process, after the recruits enter the fire brigade, they will receive a series of training in the first year. They will not participate in the fire fights, or be held in positions farther away from the fire point. However, they are actually very difficult to do. Especially in the autumn and winter seasons each year, veterans are retired, and the recruits have not yet arrived or have just entered the team. This period is also a period of frequent fires.
In response to this phenomenon, some people have called for the establishment of a professional system for firefighters, which they believe can greatly reduce the number of firefighter casualties. Because non-professionalism allows firefighters to have accumulated a certain amount of experience, they face retiring, and professionalism can leave these people behind, so that young people who do not have much experience can not be allowed to get on the line of fire.
How are fire fighters abroad made?
1, the United States - competitive admission rate of less than 1%
Each year, thousands of people apply for occupational firefighters, but the acceptance rate is less than 1%. The minimum standard for professional firefighters is high school. Many departments require applicants to have at least two years of specialization in fire science, and some even require a university degree. After passing the test, applicants will receive about 600 hours of theoretical training to learn about physical, chemical, mathematical, and fire-fighting related to fire conditions.
2. Finland - Fire Education From the age of 10, Finns began to accept disaster prevention and extinguishing knowledge education from the age of 10. At the age of 16, physical fitness tests were conducted. After the age of 18, 50 hours of professional fire fighting training was conducted before they were accepted as volunteer firefighters.
3. UK - Average Daily Exercises Fight 8 Fires There are many firefighters training bases in the UK. All firefighters and leaders must undergo rigorous training in order to take up posts. During the training, the trainees performed an average of 8 super fires per day, which is equivalent to 4 years of actual combat experience.
What should you watch out for when fighting a dangerous chemical fire?
For explosives fires, do not cover it with sand, otherwise it will increase the explosive power of explosions; when fighting stacks of explosives, the water flow should be lifted to prevent the strong water from directly hitting the stack, so as not to cause the collapse of the stack. explosion.
For wet flammable items, it is strictly prohibited to use water, foam, acid and alkali and other wet fire extinguishing agents to save.
When fighting fires of poisons and corrosives, it is necessary to use low-pressure water or spray water as much as possible to prevent spills of corrosive chemicals and poisons. In the case of acid or alkali corrosion products, it is best to administer the corresponding neutralizing agent to neutralize them.
Combustible solids and spontaneously combustible items can generally be saved with water and foam, as long as they can control the burning range and gradually extinguish them. However, there are a few special methods for fighting flammable solids and spontaneous combustion. Such as 2,4-dinitroanisole, dinitronaphthalene, naphthalene, etc. are easily flammable flammable solids, heat release flammable vapor, can form an explosive mixture with air, especially in the interior, prone to deflagration, in the fight During the process, misty water should be sprayed over and around the burning area from time to time, and all surrounding fire sources should be eliminated.
In the event of a fire, what chemicals cannot be sprayed?
Calcium carbide reacts with water to generate acetylene, while a large amount of heat is released; acetylene is mixed with air to a certain extent, and explosion occurs at a certain temperature. It can be seen that calcium carbide is a type of paradigm that cannot use water to extinguish water, and that water can expedite the explosion. There are also silicon-calcium alloys, sodium cyanide, toluene diisocyanate (TDI), and the like.
In addition, there are several special substances: nitrates, diazots, nitro compounds (TNT, nitrocellulose, etc.). These substances are explosives themselves and are more difficult to rescue. They can all be used for explosives. Heat or shock can explode, so you can't directly use water to impact, you can only try to cool down.
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