Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology recently discovered that adding genetically modified viruses to the production of nanowires can improve the performance of lithium-air batteries.
Genetic modification mainly refers to the use of biochemical methods to modify the dna sequence, introduce the target gene fragment into the host cell, or remove the specific gene fragment from the genome, so as to change the host cell genotype or make the original genotype to be strengthened.
Genetic modification has been widely used in various fields of human life. In the medical field, genetic modification can be used to inhibit viral replication in certain viral host cells and achieve therapeutic goals.
Lithium-air batteries are batteries that use lithium as the anode and oxygen in the air as the cathode reactant. They can be used in new energy vehicles.
The key to the work of MIT researchers is to increase the surface area of ​​the nanowires, thereby increasing the area where the electrochemical activity occurs during charge and discharge of the battery. The researchers used a genetically modified virus called m13 to make nanowire arrays, each about 80 nanometers. In this case, the manganese oxide wire, which is very suitable for the lithium air battery cathode material, is actually composed of the virus. However, unlike the "growth" of nanowires by conventional chemical methods, the nanowires formed by these viruses have a rough, rugged surface, which greatly increases their surface area.
In addition, the nanowires are not isolated and the virus naturally produces a three-dimensionally crosslinked nanowire structure, which improves the stability of the electrode. The last step of the process is to add a small amount of metal (such as palladium), which greatly enhances the conductivity of the nanowires while catalyzing the reaction during charge and discharge.
In short, these improvements may be two to three times higher than current lithium-ion batteries. This work was supported by the United States Army Research Office and the National Science Foundation. The relevant research results have been published in Nature Communications.
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