According to statistics, China is using more than 346,000 elevators, and it is growing at an annual rate of about 50,000 to 60,000 units. Elevator service in China has a history of more than 100 years, and the rapid growth of the number of elevators in China has occurred after the reform and opening up, and the level of China's elevator technology has been synchronized with the world.
For more than 100 years, the development of China's elevator industry has gone through the following stages:
1 sales, installation and maintenance phase of imported elevators (1900~
Common elevators (1949), at this stage, the number of elevators in China is only about 1,100.
2 Independent and independent, hard development and production stage (1950-1979), this stage China produced and installed about 10,000 elevators
3 Establish a three-funded enterprise, the stage of rapid development of the industry (since 1980), at this stage China has produced and installed about 400,000 elevators. China has become the world's largest new elevator market and the largest elevator producer.
In 2002, the annual output of elevators in China's elevator industry exceeded 60,000 units for the first time. The third wave of development in China's elevator industry since the reform and opening up is on the rise. The first appeared in 1986-1988, and the second appeared in 1995-1997. The milestones in China's elevator annual production growth are shown in the table below
In 1900, Otis Elevator Company of the United States obtained the first elevator contract in China through agent Tullock & Co. - providing two elevators for Shanghai. Since then, the history of the world elevator has opened a page of China.
In 1907, Otis installed two elevators at the Huizhong Hotel in Shanghai (now Peace Hotel South Tower, English name Peace Palace Hotel). These two elevators are considered to be the first elevators used in China.
In 1908, American Trading Co. became an agent of Otis in Shanghai and Tianjin.
In 1908, the Licha Hotel (English name Astor House, later changed to Pujiang Hotel) located in Huangpu Road, Shanghai, installed three elevators. In 1910, the Shanghai General Assembly Building (now Dongfeng Hotel) installed a triangular wooden car elevator made by Siemens in Germany.
In 1915, the Beijing Hotel in the south exit of Wangfujing in Beijing installed three Otis company single-speed elevators, including 2 passenger elevators, 7 floors and 7 stations; 1 debris platform, 8 floors and 8 stations (including underground 1 Floor). In 1921, the Beijing Union Hospital installed an Otis elevator.
In 1921, the International Tobacco Trust Group Yingmei Tobacco Company established the Tianjin Pharmaceutical Factory (renamed Tianjin Cigarette Factory in 1953) established in Tianjin. The Otis company's six handle-operated freight elevators were installed in the plant.
In 1924, the Astor Hotel in Tianjin (English name Astor Hotel) installed a passenger elevator operated by Otis Elevator Company in the renovation and expansion project. Its rated load is 630kg, AC 220V power supply, speed 1.00m / s, 5 floors 5 stations, wooden car, manual fence door.
In 1927, the Industrial and Mechanical Industry Unit of the Shanghai Municipal Bureau of Works began to be responsible for the registration, review and licensing of elevators in the city. In 1947, the elevator maintenance engineer system was proposed and implemented. In February 1948, the regulations for strengthening the regular inspection of elevators were formulated, which reflected the importance attached by local governments in China to the safety management of elevators.
In 1931, Schindler in Switzerland set up an agency in Shanghai's Jardine Engineering Corp. to carry out elevator sales, installation and maintenance operations in China.
In 1931, Hua Cailin, a former foreman of Shenchang Yang, who was founded by the Americans, opened the Huayingji Elevator Hydroelectric Iron Factory in No. 9 Lane 648, Changde Road, Shanghai, where he was engaged in elevator installation and maintenance. The factory became the first elevator engineering company opened by the Chinese.
In November 1932, the Juye Department Store in Taipei, Taiwan, installed the first commercial elevator in Taiwan. In 1959, Daxin Department Store of Kaohsiung City, Taiwan Province installed the first escalator in Taiwan.
In 1935, the 9-storey Daxin Company located at the intersection of Nanjing Road and Tibet Road in Shanghai (the four major companies on Shanghai Nanjing Road at that time - one of Xianshi, Yong'an, Xinxin, Daxin Company, now the first department store in Shanghai) Two Ericsson's two wheeled single escalators were installed. The two escalators are installed in the paved shopping mall to the 2nd and 2nd to 3rd floors, facing the Nanjing Road Gate. These two escalators are considered to be the earliest escalators used in China.
As of 1949, about 1,100 imported elevators were installed in various buildings in Shanghai, of which more than 500 were produced in the United States; followed by more than 100 produced in Switzerland, as well as the United Kingdom, Japan, Italy, France, Germany, and Denmark. Produced by other countries. One of the two-speed AC two-speed elevators produced in Denmark has a rated load of 8t, which is the maximum rated load of the elevator before the liberation of Shanghai.
In the winter of 1951, the Party Central Committee proposed to install a self-made elevator in China at Tiananmen Square in Beijing. The task was handed over to Tianjin (private) Qingsheng Motor Factory. After more than four months, the first elevator designed and manufactured by Chinese engineers and technicians was born. The elevator has a load capacity of 1 000 kg and a speed of 0.70 m/s. It is AC single speed and manual control.
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