Fertilizer characteristics of cauliflower and rational fertilization


First, the need for fertilizer characteristics

Cauliflower is also known as broccoli. The amount of nitrogen fertilizer required during growth and development is large, while the absorption of phosphorus and potassium is concentrated in the flower bulb growth stage. Generally, a larger vegetative growth requirements of nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and to the best effect, followed by potassium, requires only the formation of more phosphorus curd. Studies have shown that the production of 1000 kg per broccoli that chlorine, phosphorus, potassium uptake was: 13.4 kg chloride, phosphorus pentoxide, 3.93 kg, 9.59 kg potassium hydroxide, generally in a ratio: 1: 0.3: 0.7.

 

Cauliflower has a large demand for trace element boron. If the soil is deficient in boron, it will easily cause the flower ball to brown or crack, resulting in a decline in appearance quality and affecting market sales. In addition, the formation of the flower ball has special requirements for molybdenum. "Whiptail disease" is a typical physiological disease of cauliflower deficiency of molybdenum, and attention should be paid to the application of molybdenum fertilizer.

Second, the main points of fertilization technology

 

Spring maturing varieties cultivated in basal should be mainly due to short growing season cauliflower, need a large amount of fat, high requirements per hectare decomposition of organic fertilizer 37,500 - 60,000 kg, with the administration part of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers available or tris Yuan compound fertilizer. The base fertilizer should be integrated into the soil in combination with the ground preparation. Top dressing is generally carried out in the early stage of flower ball formation, with nitrogen and potassium fertilizers as the main factors. The top dressing can be applied to the ditch, or it can be applied at the side of the plant. Immediately after application, the soil is covered and watered.

 

In the autumn, late-maturing varieties are cultivated for a long period of time, so the amount of base fertilizer and top dressing is large, and the amount of base fertilizer is usually twice that of early-maturing varieties. The amount of fertilizer should also be a corresponding increase in general should topdressing 2--3 times, and should be combined with varieties of fertilizer requirement of decision dressing measures. The law of topdressing is as follows: early-maturing varieties should be applied early; late-maturing varieties should be late in fertilizer application, and the number of topdressing should be more. In late varieties per hectare each full decomposition of human waste topdressing 30,000 - 45,000 kg, or nitrogen fertilizer 45--75 kg. The first top dressing is slow seedling fertilizer, which is carried out about 1 week after planting , with quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer as the main; the second top dressing is the thrusting fertilizer, which is usually carried out before the formation of the flower ball. This is the key period of topdressing and should be re-applied. Flower ball fertilizer, the amount of which accounts for about 50 % of the total fertilization amount ; the third top dressing can be in the middle and late stages of flower bulb formation. Therefore, when the plant is large, it is difficult to open the ditch and dig a hole, and the quick-acting fertilizer can be watered. Shi chase.

 

The application of trace elements such as boron and molybdenum is preferably carried out by foliar application. At present, the commercially available foliar fertilizer is mostly liquid micro-fertilizer, which can be sprayed twice before and after the formation of the flower ball, and a good effect of increasing yield and improving quality can be obtained.

 

 

 

 

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