The Associated Press reported on October 20 that a special thin layer of carbon nanotubes is likely to become an important manufacturing material widely used in the future. This thin layer looks very much like the usual carbon fiber paper, and people call it "buck paper." ". But don't be fooled by its cute name and thin appearance. It's actually a revolutionary material, made with molecules that are only one-fifth of a kilogram of human hair, an important manifestation of the advantages of nanotechnology. .
In the near future, it can be made from airplanes to televisions.
Buck paper has many unparalleled features. It is light in weight and high in hardness. It has only one-tenth the weight of the same volume of steel; if the buck paper is stacked and compacted to form a composite material, it is 500 times harder than steel. But Barker paper has the characteristics different from traditional composite materials. It can conduct electricity like silicon or copper, and it can dissipate heat like steel and brass. Wade Adams, a scientist at Rice University, said: "For people in the nanotechnology industry, these characteristics are just as important as the Holy Grail of Jesus." Because of the unique characteristics of Buck Paper, it is considered to be a lightweight and energy-efficient product. The ideal material for production of aircraft, cars, faster computers, better quality TV screens, and more.
The idea of ​​using Barker paper and other derivatives to make products has been around for a while. But now the Barker paper produced is only a few tenths of its theoretical hardness, and the production is small and expensive. Researchers at Florida State University say they are developing production technology and have made significant progress in this area, and will soon be able to turn ideas into reality, making Buck's paper comparable to today's composites. "If this material can be put into production, this is definitely a revolutionary technology that changes the industry's landscape," said Les Kramer, chief technician of Lockheed Martin's Missile and Fire Control Company. The company is currently funding research at the Florida State University Institute.
Buck paper is not an ordinary thing, its birth has an indissoluble bond with outer space. In 1985, British scientist Harry Kroto joined the research team at Rice University to conduct experiments on carbon research, hoping to find out why carbon is the basic element of all life. Since all the carbon in the universe comes from stars, the research team tries to create the same environment in the lab as the stars, looking for how stars produce carbon. All experiments were carried out as planned, but an unexpected situation occurred. Kroto said: "In the experiment we found a new phenomenon, which is completely unexpected. This is an area that has never been explored before." This unexpected "guest" has the same football. Shape, consisting of one molecule and 60 atoms. For Kroto, it is like the "big earth shape" described by Buckminster Fowler. Fowler is a famous architect, inventor and futurist. This gave Kroto the inspiration, he named this new molecular form as Buckminster Fullerene, referred to as "Buck Ball". The discovery of Buck Ball is of great significance because it is the third pure carbon found in the world after graphite and diamond. Kroto and his colleagues Robert Curl Jr. and Richard E. Smalley won the 1996 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. At the same time, the Japanese physicist Iijima Ichiro independently discovered a tubular variant when he experimented at the University of Arizona. Later, researchers at Smalley Laboratories inadvertently discovered that the tubular body could stick together after being dispersed in a liquid suspension, and after filtering through a fine mesh, a thin layer was formed - Buck paper.
Ben Wang, director of the School of Advanced Materials at the University of Florida, said that Barker's paper has an amazing hardness because the surface area of ​​each carbon nanotube is very large. Wang said: "If you take a gram of carbon nanotubes, just one gram, then you can expand each carbon tube, it can cover two-thirds of the football field." But the scientists found an impact in the experiment. The problem with the hardness of the buck paper is that the angle of the carbon tube bonding is very strange, which reduces the hardness of the buck paper. Wang and his researchers found a solution: put the carbon tubes in a strong magnetic field so that most of the carbon tubes are aligned in one direction, thus increasing the strength of the bond. Another problem is that these carbon tubes are extremely smooth and it is difficult to bond them together with epoxy resin. Researchers are looking for ways to create defects on the surface of carbon tubes to increase adhesion.
Barker paper can now only be produced in the laboratory. As of now, Florida State University students have produced half the hardness of the best composite materials, such as IM7. Wang hopes to make up for this gap soon. Wang said: "By the end of next year, we should be able to produce the same hardness as the IM7, and weigh only 35% of the IM7." Florida State University is setting up a company to produce commercial buck paper. Adams, director of the Smalley Institute of Nanoscience and Technology, said: "These researchers have said that if Barker paper is used to produce aircraft, this will be a milestone in nanotechnology."
However, according to the relevant regulations of the US government, if any new material is to be used in the manufacture of aircraft, it must pass the certification period of about 5 years, so Wang retreats to the next level. He said that he hopes that Buck paper can be used on the aircraft first. Electromagnetic interference shielding equipment and lightning protection equipment. During the flight of the aircraft, the circuit may even malfunction of radio and other electronic equipment due to natural phenomena such as the sun or the northern lights. Wang said that the use of Bark paper's EMI shielding equipment provides four times more protection than the Air Force's highest standards. In addition, in the technology that avoids lightning strikes on aircraft, the conventional composite material that is commonly used today is copper wire mesh. But if you use Barker paper, one can reduce the weight of the aircraft, and the other can reduce fuel use. Wang gave an example. He took a model airplane made of composite materials and a stun gun. He used a stun gun to shock the model plane without the protection of the buck paper, and you can see the sparks splashing, but if the electric shock is the part protected by the buck paper, the model plane is safe.
Scientists can't wait to apply Barker paper to social life. Wang said that in the near term, Buck Paper may also be used to make electrodes, supercapacitors and batteries for fuel cells. In the medium term, Buck Paper can also be used to replace graphite paper that is cooled in laptops, and it will be more efficient and lighter. In the long run, Buck is used to produce airplanes, cars and other products. It can even be used to produce armor materials and stealth technology products. Wang said: "Our plan is to start producing commercial products of Buck Paper within the next 12 months. Carbon nanotubes are no longer just a miracle of the laboratory. They are real. They should be in the real world. ."
In the near future, it can be made from airplanes to televisions.
Buck paper has many unparalleled features. It is light in weight and high in hardness. It has only one-tenth the weight of the same volume of steel; if the buck paper is stacked and compacted to form a composite material, it is 500 times harder than steel. But Barker paper has the characteristics different from traditional composite materials. It can conduct electricity like silicon or copper, and it can dissipate heat like steel and brass. Wade Adams, a scientist at Rice University, said: "For people in the nanotechnology industry, these characteristics are just as important as the Holy Grail of Jesus." Because of the unique characteristics of Buck Paper, it is considered to be a lightweight and energy-efficient product. The ideal material for production of aircraft, cars, faster computers, better quality TV screens, and more.
The idea of ​​using Barker paper and other derivatives to make products has been around for a while. But now the Barker paper produced is only a few tenths of its theoretical hardness, and the production is small and expensive. Researchers at Florida State University say they are developing production technology and have made significant progress in this area, and will soon be able to turn ideas into reality, making Buck's paper comparable to today's composites. "If this material can be put into production, this is definitely a revolutionary technology that changes the industry's landscape," said Les Kramer, chief technician of Lockheed Martin's Missile and Fire Control Company. The company is currently funding research at the Florida State University Institute.
Buck paper is not an ordinary thing, its birth has an indissoluble bond with outer space. In 1985, British scientist Harry Kroto joined the research team at Rice University to conduct experiments on carbon research, hoping to find out why carbon is the basic element of all life. Since all the carbon in the universe comes from stars, the research team tries to create the same environment in the lab as the stars, looking for how stars produce carbon. All experiments were carried out as planned, but an unexpected situation occurred. Kroto said: "In the experiment we found a new phenomenon, which is completely unexpected. This is an area that has never been explored before." This unexpected "guest" has the same football. Shape, consisting of one molecule and 60 atoms. For Kroto, it is like the "big earth shape" described by Buckminster Fowler. Fowler is a famous architect, inventor and futurist. This gave Kroto the inspiration, he named this new molecular form as Buckminster Fullerene, referred to as "Buck Ball". The discovery of Buck Ball is of great significance because it is the third pure carbon found in the world after graphite and diamond. Kroto and his colleagues Robert Curl Jr. and Richard E. Smalley won the 1996 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. At the same time, the Japanese physicist Iijima Ichiro independently discovered a tubular variant when he experimented at the University of Arizona. Later, researchers at Smalley Laboratories inadvertently discovered that the tubular body could stick together after being dispersed in a liquid suspension, and after filtering through a fine mesh, a thin layer was formed - Buck paper.
Ben Wang, director of the School of Advanced Materials at the University of Florida, said that Barker's paper has an amazing hardness because the surface area of ​​each carbon nanotube is very large. Wang said: "If you take a gram of carbon nanotubes, just one gram, then you can expand each carbon tube, it can cover two-thirds of the football field." But the scientists found an impact in the experiment. The problem with the hardness of the buck paper is that the angle of the carbon tube bonding is very strange, which reduces the hardness of the buck paper. Wang and his researchers found a solution: put the carbon tubes in a strong magnetic field so that most of the carbon tubes are aligned in one direction, thus increasing the strength of the bond. Another problem is that these carbon tubes are extremely smooth and it is difficult to bond them together with epoxy resin. Researchers are looking for ways to create defects on the surface of carbon tubes to increase adhesion.
Barker paper can now only be produced in the laboratory. As of now, Florida State University students have produced half the hardness of the best composite materials, such as IM7. Wang hopes to make up for this gap soon. Wang said: "By the end of next year, we should be able to produce the same hardness as the IM7, and weigh only 35% of the IM7." Florida State University is setting up a company to produce commercial buck paper. Adams, director of the Smalley Institute of Nanoscience and Technology, said: "These researchers have said that if Barker paper is used to produce aircraft, this will be a milestone in nanotechnology."
However, according to the relevant regulations of the US government, if any new material is to be used in the manufacture of aircraft, it must pass the certification period of about 5 years, so Wang retreats to the next level. He said that he hopes that Buck paper can be used on the aircraft first. Electromagnetic interference shielding equipment and lightning protection equipment. During the flight of the aircraft, the circuit may even malfunction of radio and other electronic equipment due to natural phenomena such as the sun or the northern lights. Wang said that the use of Bark paper's EMI shielding equipment provides four times more protection than the Air Force's highest standards. In addition, in the technology that avoids lightning strikes on aircraft, the conventional composite material that is commonly used today is copper wire mesh. But if you use Barker paper, one can reduce the weight of the aircraft, and the other can reduce fuel use. Wang gave an example. He took a model airplane made of composite materials and a stun gun. He used a stun gun to shock the model plane without the protection of the buck paper, and you can see the sparks splashing, but if the electric shock is the part protected by the buck paper, the model plane is safe.
Scientists can't wait to apply Barker paper to social life. Wang said that in the near term, Buck Paper may also be used to make electrodes, supercapacitors and batteries for fuel cells. In the medium term, Buck Paper can also be used to replace graphite paper that is cooled in laptops, and it will be more efficient and lighter. In the long run, Buck is used to produce airplanes, cars and other products. It can even be used to produce armor materials and stealth technology products. Wang said: "Our plan is to start producing commercial products of Buck Paper within the next 12 months. Carbon nanotubes are no longer just a miracle of the laboratory. They are real. They should be in the real world. ."
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