New solar thermal system is expected to become a hydrogen generator for water

New solar thermal system is expected to become a hydrogen generator for water

Hydrogen concept car designed by BMW

At present, human beings are looking for reliable fossil alternative energy sources, of which “hydrogen” is undoubtedly one of the most suitable alternatives, and the main source of hydrogen is currently obtained by decomposing water.

Recently, the research team of the University of Colorado Boulder developed a solar thermal system to make the process of hydrolyzed hydrogen production more efficient.

According to the related report, in the solar thermal system made by the team led by Professor Alan Wimer of the School of Chemical and Biological Engineering at the University of Colorado Boulder, sunlight can be placed in a central location 10 meters above the ground. The mirror around the tower collects at some point in the tower, and the heat generated by the system will collect in the central tower and then be delivered to the reactor containing the metal oxide.

When the metal oxide is heated, oxygen atoms are released, leaving behind new compounds that search for new oxygen atoms. Subsequently, the solar beam that has collected on the tower heating the water in the reactor to form a vapor stream is introduced into the system. Oxygen in the water molecule attaches to the surface of the metal oxide (composed of iron, cobalt, aluminum, and oxygen). The released hydrogen molecules are polymerized together to form hydrogen gas.

Another researcher, Professor Charles Masgrove of the School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, said that the key difference between the new water decomposition technology and other water decomposition technologies is that the new method allows two chemical reactions to occur at the same temperature.

Masgrove said: "The traditional method needs to control the temperature in the reactor, let it change from a hot state to a cold state, and also need to control the steam flow into the system. The innovation of the new system is that there is no change in temperature. The whole process can be done by opening or closing a steam valve.We can gather the sunlight and use the heat it generates to drive the chemical reaction.Although we can easily heat the system above 1350 degrees Celsius, we It just wants to heat it to the lowest temperature the chemical reaction can take. The higher the temperature, the more likely it is to cause damage to the chemical material and the reactor itself."

Vitmo added that the traditional two-step water decomposition method wastes time and heat. After all, the sun is limited in the time it takes to appear every day. The amount of hydrogen produced by the new process is entirely dependent on the amount of metal oxides and the amount of steam introduced into the system.

The researchers said that although this solar-thermal system can produce large amounts of hydrogen at a lower cost, it may take several years to commercialize it.

For this new technology, there is a view that the benefits of solar energy to decompose water into hydrogen are mainly to transform the development and utilization of hydrogen energy from the general "sustainable development" to the "sustainable development and utilization" of the circular economy. Today, these technological breakthroughs are indeed preparing for the “hydrogen economy” era. However, it is still early for mankind to really step into this scenario. At least in the next 20 to 30 years, the world still needs to maintain the pattern of exploitation and utilization of traditional energy sources. . Therefore, it is scientific and practical for researchers not to talk about the commercialization of their technology.

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