Five-color plum pest control method:
Gray mold
Symptoms of five-color plum: The pathogen first invades from the tip of the petal. After the onset, the disease is water-stained, soft, faded, and tarnished. Finally, the petals become brown and rot, and the flowers fall off. Under wet conditions, a gray mold layer is formed on the surface of the diseased part.
Pathogen: BotrytiscinereaPers.. (Botrytis cinerea), Botrytis cinerea subgenus subphylum, Trichosporon, Trichosporon. The gray mold layer of the disease department, that is, the meristem of the pathogen and the conidiophore. The conidial stalks are erect, brown, with a septum, dendritic branches at the top, and the branches are swollen into a spherical shape. The segmentation drag is concentrated in the part of the stem and is in the shape of a grape spike. The main spores are oval or elliptical, colorless to pale, single cells, and the size is 9-16X6-10 microns. The optimum temperature for the development of this bacterium is about 23 °C.
Infection route: The bacteria overwinter on the diseased plant residue with sclerotia or mycelium. Hunchun produces drag, spread by wind and rain, infestation, low temperature and high humidity, poor ventilation, which is conducive to the development of disease. The disease occurs more in the greenhouse.
Control method:
1, pay attention to ventilation, reduce humidity, can reduce the occurrence of diseases.
2, timely removal of flowers, concentrated burning or buried in the soil to reduce the source of the disease.
3, the beginning of the disease, can be sprayed: 1:200 Bordeaux mixture, or 50% Suo Keling WP 2000 times solution, or 50% Pu Haiyin WP 1500 times, once every two weeks, spray The number of times depends on the incidence.
Leaf nematode
Symptoms: After the leaves are invaded by nematodes, the leaves become lighter and have pale brown spots, which gradually darken to almost black. As the lesion expands, it becomes a keratosis due to the restriction of the recipient and the lateral vein. In severe cases, the entire blade is dead, wound, and drooping along the stem. Most nematodes in the slightly discolored area have only a small number of nematodes on the leaves that have turned dark brown or black.
Pathogen: The pathogenic nematode is Aphelenchoides sp. genus Nematoda, Nematode. The female body is 0.8 to 1.3 mm in length and the male body is 0.7 to 0.9 mm in length. The tip of the head is passivated and the tail is blunt.
Routes of infection: Leaf nematodes overwinter in the newspaper and surrounding soil, diseased plant residues and wild hosts. It is on a very small residual leaf and can survive in the soil for 6 to 7 months. The whole development process of the leaf nematode is completed in the invaded tissue. When the conditions are suitable (22-25C, sufficient humidity), it is only 14 days from egg development to female adult spawning. It is usually transmitted through water droplets, irrigation water and diseased leaves, and is remotely transmitted by artificially transmitted diseased leaves, flowers, stems, cuttings and soil. Invade from the stomata on the leaves.
Control method:
1. Strengthen quarantine to prevent leaf nematodes and their reproductive materials from being introduced into disease-free areas.
2, horticultural control potted soil should be banned soil and grass soil; improve the watering method, it is best not to pour, and keep the leaf surface as dry as possible, potted flowers should have appropriate clearance, do not let the leaves touch each other.
3, the chemical control can be used 15% aldicarb granules, 5-6 grams per square meter of potting soil, or 2 to 3 grams of pots with a diameter of about 25 cm into the soil. Or use 3% carbofuran, 3 to 5 grams per pot into the soil. It can also be sprayed with 50% chlorpyrifos emulsion, 50% permanent ester and 50% carbaryl WP 1000 times in the hazard period.
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