Faced with the grim situation of unstable supply of rare earths in recent years, and the impact of the sharp rise and fall of the rare earth market and violent fluctuations, the pattern of the world's rare earth industry is accelerating. China's 23% of the world's rare earth resource reserves, the supply of more than 90% of the world's rare earth market will soon become a history, domestic rare earth enterprises will also face the fierce competition from foreign freshmen. "At present, the construction progress of many rare earth companies' production projects is accelerating. The supply of unilateral international rare earth market based on China's exports will soon be replaced by multilateral supply. The global rare earth industry will usher in a diversified era, and China's rare earth enterprises will soon confront each other. Foreign freshmen are peers.†Professor Zhang Wei, dean of the Rare Earth Institute of Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, told reporters. According to Prof. Zhang Wei, the rare earth projects under construction and planning are mainly concentrated in the Americas, Europe and Africa, involving 261 companies in 37 countries and regions, and as many as 429 rare earth projects, including the United States, Australia, and Brazil. 38 rare earth projects in 13 countries including Canada have progressed rapidly. This year and next year, the most competitive rare earth enterprises in foreign countries should be the American Molybdenum Company and the Australian Linus Company. Zhang Wei said that the annual production capacity of the US molybdenum company is about 6,000 tons. According to the production plan, it will reach 19,000 tons by the end of this year and reach 40,000 tons by the end of 2013. The Australian Linus company plans to produce 11,000 tons in the first phase and is expected to start production in October this year. In addition, South Africa's Frontier Company, Western Canada Mining Company and several rare earth enterprises in Southeast Asia will soon enter the market competition. Many companies in Japan, a major consumer of rare earths, have also entered the field of development and production of rare earth resources. At present, China's rare earth enterprises are facing the problem of overcapacity and technology aging. Western countries' rare earth enterprises have the opportunity to bring the latest business ideas and modern technologies into the competition for supply of materials to end users. In the face of foreign new forces entering the rare earth industry, how do domestic companies look at it? Hu Yaobin, general manager of Inner Mongolia Huayi Rare Earth Co., Ltd., said in an interview that foreign newly established enterprises are a great challenge for Chinese enterprises. The competition in the rare earth market will become more intense, and the cost will become the main competitive factor for domestic and foreign enterprises. "As far as I know, several new foreign companies that have entered the rare earth industry, including the US Molybdenum Company, the Australian Linus Company and the Canadian Rare Earth Mining Company, have accumulated nearly 100 years of Western modern mining, chemical metallurgy and material processing technology. Directly or indirectly applied to the production of rare earths. In comparison, after decades of development, China's rare earth production technology, especially rare earth separation technology, has tended to age. At the same time, according to the requirements of national industrial policies, most of the rare earth enterprises in the near future There is also a need to increase considerable investment in environmental protection, and human resource costs are also increasing year by year. Therefore, in terms of cost, these foreign companies must have a competitive advantage.†Hu Yaobin told reporters without worry. Hu Yaobin also told reporters that the key technology of rare earth production separation and oxide purification in Australia's Linus company is similar to that of Chinese technology, but the technology is obviously more efficient, combined with mining, beneficiation, transportation and separation and extraction. Cost advantage. The average cost structure of several rare earth oxide products of Linus includes mining and monazite ore dressing costs of approximately US$3,000 per exchange, and transportation costs between Australian mines and concentrators and Malaysian separation plants of US$800 per ton, chemical solvent extraction The separation cost is about 6,200 US dollars per ton, and the average total cost is about 10,000 US dollars per ton. The average rare earth oxide produced in China is about 20,000 US dollars per ton. In addition, the rare earth resources of many foreign countries are very rich. Most foreign companies have a rare earth grade of 20% in the original ore. The highest grade can reach 40%, while the rare earth grade in China reaches 3% to 5%. Mineral processing production. “The only way for domestic rare earth enterprises to respond to foreign competition is still technological innovation, speeding up the upgrading of major process technologies and equipment, improving the refined production process of upstream and downstream industrial chains of rare earth products, and striving to further reduce costs. Otherwise, it is likely that most of China Rare earth enterprises will be forced to withdraw from the market in international competition," Hu Yaobin said. However, there are also many domestic rare earth companies that believe that the joining of foreign companies is not a bad thing. The heads of many rare earth enterprises in Jiangxi Yinzhou, Jiangsu Nanjing, Shandong and other places said that the development and commissioning of rare earth mines by foreign companies may help to raise the overall cost of rare earths in the international market. Because foreign rare earth companies have advanced technology and management, due to environmental protection and other reasons, production costs are not completely lower than those of Chinese companies. Although there are strong competitors, it is beneficial to the structural adjustment of China's rare earth industry as a whole. In addition, for domestic rare earth downstream enterprises, it is also possible to establish joint ventures with Western rare earth mining companies or to share other technologies, and to obtain rare earth concentrate raw materials from foreign rare earth companies, thereby consolidating China's rare earth enterprises in the future. The dominant position of the rare earth market.
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