Fire extinguisher working principle
Fire extinguishing principle of dry powder fire extinguisher
The dry powder fire extinguisher is filled with dry powder fire extinguishing agent. The dry powder fire extinguishing agent is a dry and easy-flowing fine powder for extinguishing fire, and is composed of an inorganic salt having a fire extinguishing property and a small amount of an additive, which is dried, pulverized, and mixed to form a fine solid powder.
The wind extinguisher eliminates the third conditional temperature and extinguishes the flame. The wind extinguisher blows a large amount of air to the flame at a high speed, so that the surface temperature of the burning object drops rapidly, and when the temperature is lower than the ignition point, the combustion stops. This is the principle of a wind extinguisher.
The structure of the wind extinguisher is very simple, an electric motor, blades, ducts, and batteries.
The principle of a foam fire extinguisher
Al2(SO4)3+6NaHCO3==3Na2SO4+2Al(OH)3↓+6CO2↑
Carbon dioxide fire extinguisher extinguishing principle
Carbon dioxide has a higher density, about 1.5 times that of air. Under normal pressure, liquid carbon dioxide will vaporize immediately, and generally 1 kg of liquid carbon dioxide can produce about 0.5 cubic meters of gas. Therefore, when extinguishing the fire, the carbon dioxide gas can exclude the air and surround the surface of the burning object or be distributed in a relatively closed space, reduce the oxygen concentration around the combustible material or the protective space, and produce a suffocating effect to extinguish the fire. In addition, when carbon dioxide is ejected from the storage container, it is rapidly vaporized into a gas by the liquid, and a part of the heat is attracted from the surroundings to function as a cooling.
Carbon dioxide fire extinguishers are mainly used to extinguish valuable equipment, archives, instrumentation, electrical equipment below 600 volts and oils.
Fire extinguishing principle of clear water fire extinguisher
The fire extinguishing agent in the water fire extinguisher is clean water. Water has a low viscosity at room temperature, high thermal stability, high density and high surface tension. It is an ancient and widely used natural fire extinguishing agent, easy to obtain and store. It mainly relies on cooling and suffocation to extinguish the fire. Since each kilogram of water is heated from the normal temperature to the boiling point and completely vaporized, it can absorb 2593.4 KJ of heat. Therefore, it utilizes its ability to absorb sensible heat and latent heat to exert a cooling effect, which is unmatched by other fire extinguishing agents. In addition, the water vapor formed by vaporization of water is an inert gas, and the volume will expand by about 1,700 times. During fire extinguishing, the water vapor generated by water vaporization will occupy the space of the combustion area, dilute the oxygen content around the combustion material, hinder the entry of fresh air into the combustion zone, and greatly reduce the oxygen concentration in the combustion zone, thereby achieving the purpose of suffocating fire. When the water is sprayed, the specific surface area of ​​the formed water droplets and droplets will be greatly increased, enhancing the heat exchange between water and fire, thereby enhancing its cooling and suffocation. In addition, some of the flammable and flammable liquids that are easily soluble in water can also be diluted; the water mist generated by the strong jet can emulsifie the flammable and flammable liquids, causing the liquid surface to cool rapidly and the flammable vapor generation speed to decrease. To achieve the purpose of fire fighting.
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