Recently, the 4th voyage of the 49th voyage of China Ocean has been sampling the marine microplastics in the Southwest Indian Ocean. This is the first time that China has conducted marine microplastic surveys in the Southwest Indian Ocean, but it is not the first time that China has conducted marine microplastic surveys. Since 2016, China has begun monitoring offshore microplastics. Last year, China expanded its marine microplastics monitoring to the oceanic area and conducted a survey of micro-plastics in the Pacific Northwest and the Southern Ocean.
What is microplastics? Why should China investigate it frequently?
Marine microplastics are small plastic particles less than 5 mm in diameter. Some of them come from large plastic waste, and some come from personal care products such as toothpaste and hair gel. Don't underestimate these particles because they are amazingly large. At present, the annual global plastic output exceeds 300 million tons, and a large amount of plastic waste enters the sea, eventually becoming micro-plastics falling into the sea.
Microplastics are very harmful. UNEP listed micro-plastic pollution as one of the top ten urgent environmental problems in 2014 and is regarded as “PM2.5 in the oceanâ€. It not only pollutes the sea, but is also eaten by many marine creatures as food. Scientists have discovered that crustaceans in the Pacific Ocean nearly 11,000 meters deep feed on plastics. These microplastics enter the marine organisms, increasing their chances of disease, even affecting the embryos, and reducing the success rate of hatching. Many marine organisms suffer from esophageal tracts and stomach infections due to swallowing micro-plastics. Even more frightening is that these micro-plastics will slowly invade the fish body, and if people eat these fish, their health will be threatened.
Experts say that China's research on pollution and control of marine plastics and micro-plastics is developing very fast. In the future, it is necessary to study the establishment of a globally unified method for the observation, analysis and identification of marine micro-plastics to determine the flux of plastic waste and micro-plastics for rivers and estuaries in the world. "The most fundamental thing is to consciously raise awareness of environmental protection, minimize the use of personal toiletries containing plastic granules, do not throw garbage at the beach, and reduce the chance of plastic waste entering the sea from the source."
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