On October 30, the Advanced Carbon Materials Research Department of Shenyang National Research Center for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences made new progress in the physical properties of two-dimensional materials. The related research results are CdPS3 nanosheets-based membrane with high proton conductivity enabled by Cd vacancies Questions, published on Science.
Ion transport in nanopores is essential for energy storage and conversion applications. For example, proton and lithium ion conductive membranes are key materials for fuel cells and lithium ion batteries, respectively. At present, Nafion membrane is a commonly used commercial proton conducting membrane. It uses sulfonic acid groups as the proton donor center. Protons are conducted through a network of water molecules formed in nanopores. The proton conductivity can reach 0.2 S/cm. However, under high temperature (>80°C) and/or low humidity conditions, its performance will be severely degraded due to the decrease in water content. In recent years, research has developed a variety of proton conducting membranes, including membrane materials based on MOF, biological materials and graphene oxide. These membrane materials all use functional groups (such as phosphate, carboxyl, hydroxyl, etc.) as the proton donor center, and their performance is still far behind Nafion membrane.
The research team led by Ren Wencai, a researcher at the Shenyang National Research Center for Materials Science and Cheng Huiming, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, prepared a class of two-dimensional transition metal phosphorus sulfides (MPX3, where M = Cd, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Cr, etc., X = S or Se) nanosheets assembled film, found that transition metal vacancies make this type of film have ultra-fast ion transport performance. For example, the Cd 0.85 PS 3 Li 0.15 H 0.15 film is an ion conductor dominated by proton transport, and its conductivity is as high as 0.95 S/cm at 90°C and 98% relative humidity. It is currently reported as a water-phase proton transport material. It has the highest performance and maintains high proton conductivity under low temperature and low humidity conditions. Further studies have found that Cd vacancies not only provide a large number of proton donor centers, but also make the film have excellent hydration properties, and protons are easily desorbed from the vacancies in the presence of water molecules, so that the film exhibits excellent proton conduction properties . In addition, the study also found that Cd0.85PS3Li0.3 and Mn0.77PS3Li0.46 films have ultra-fast lithium ion conduction characteristics, which proves the universality of vacancy-induced rapid ion transport.
Vacancy induced rapid ion transport provides new ideas for the design and development of high-performance ion-conducting membranes. Science published Perspective at the same time, introducing the work with Speeding protons with metal vacancies.
The 2016 doctoral student Qian Xitang is the first author of the paper. Doctoral student Chen Long, researcher Yin Lichang, associate researcher Liu Zhibo, project researcher Pei Songfeng, and doctoral student KH Thebo participated in the research. Hou Guangjin, a researcher at the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and a doctoral student Li Fan, conducted NMR analysis on the materials. Professor Song Li and associate professor Chen Shuangming of the National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory of the University of Science and Technology of China conducted synchrotron radiation analysis on the materials. Research work has been funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China's Outstanding Youth Science Fund, major projects, the Chinese Academy of Sciences' 0 to 1 original innovation project, strategic pilot science and technology projects, and the national key research and development plan.
Cd0.85PS3Li0.15H0.15 nanosheet assembly film and its ion transmission performance (98% relative humidity)
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