In recent years, explosions and burning accidents of chemical dangerous goods have increased, posing a serious threat to national property and people's lives. In order to effectively deal with accidents, the situation is unclear, the methods are improper, and the measures are not effective, resulting in casualties or expansion of hazards. Relevant personnel must master the basic knowledge of chemical dangerous goods and their fire-fighting methods.
1. Strengthen the first time to dispatch, to fast and fast. According to the physical and chemical properties of chemical dangerous goods, the corresponding adequate fire fighting or rescue forces should be mobilized, unified command and deployment, rapid combat operations, timely elimination of dangers and effective fire suppression.
2. Choose the fire extinguishing agent correctly. Most flammable and flammable liquids can be foamed, and water-soluble organic solvents use anti-solvent foam. Combustible gas fires can be saved with carbon dioxide, dry powder, halogenated alkane (1211) and other fire extinguishing agents. Toxic gases, acids and lye can be diluted with a spray or flowering water stream. In case of fire and burning of substances and metal fires, water can not be used for saving, and fire extinguishing agents such as carbon dioxide and halogenated alkane (1211) should not be used. It should be covered with dry powder or sand. Light metal fire can use 7150 light metal fire extinguishing agent.
3. Block the fire and prevent it from spreading. When the burning articles are partially burnt and can be saved with water or foam, the fire gun or foam tube gun should be immediately arranged to block the fire, and the flame-baked container should be cooled to prevent the container from rupturing and the fire spread. If the burning material is a chemical that cannot be saved by water, the corresponding fire extinguishing agent should be used, or covered with sand, asbestos, etc., to extinguish the fire in time.
4, key breakthroughs, to eliminate the danger. If there are dangerous dangerous goods such as explosive dangerous goods, drugs, and radioactive materials in the fire, it is necessary to take key breakthroughs to eliminate explosions and poisonous dangerous goods. Use powerful currents and fire extinguishing agents to destroy sources of ignition that are causing explosions and other items to burn, while cooling items that have not yet exploded and destroyed, and to control the threat of fire. Organize the assault power, try to cover the evacuation of poisonous dangerous goods, and create conditions for smooth fire fighting and successful risk-taking.
5. Strengthen cover to ensure safety. In the fire fighting, it is necessary to do anti-explosion, fire-proof, anti-gas and anti-corrosion work. Firefighters should wear insulated clothing or anti-drug clothing, wear gas masks and masks, wet towels and other items, and try to use safe terrain that is conducive to fire fighting and fire prevention. In the case of a large accident, a certain "danger zone" should be drawn. If it is not allowed, it is not allowed to enter.
6. Clean up the site and prevent re-ignition. After successful disposal of a chemical dangerous goods accident, it is necessary to pay attention to cleaning the site to prevent certain items from being re-ignited without being cleaned. After fighting certain poisonous or corrosive items, fire or leakage accidents, fire extinguishing appliances and combat clothing should be cleaned and disinfected. Those who participate in fire fighting and rescue should go to the hospital for physical examination.
7. The commander should make full use of the fixed fire-fighting facilities and fire-fighting facilities for the physical and chemical properties of various chemical dangerous materials, on-site situation, take effective fire-fighting means and tactical countermeasures, use the troops reasonably, and implement correct and effective command.
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