The infiltration molten copper crucible in the refractory has good fluidity. Since the surface of the refractory lining of the reactor tower is covered with a dense layer of suspended slag mainly composed of magnetic iron oxide, the slag splashed on the wall does not directly penetrate into the brick body, but is first along the silicon of the slag. The acid channel penetrates into the slag and interacts with the slag material, producing Cu or Cu2O at different depths of the slag.
Although the slag on the wall of the reaction tower effectively prevents direct intrusion of the copper crucible, it does not completely prevent the corrosion caused by the slag on the brick lining. Through the slag layer, there is still a small amount of smelt that can penetrate through, and then penetrate into the brick along the capillary passages such as pores or cracks. Since the oxygen potential is higher nearer to the center of the brick, the copper crucible entering the brick body is prone to oxidation. The Cu2O formed after the reaction was present between the brick-lined main crystal and the matrix, and no penetration into other crystal grains was observed.
The penetration of molten copper oxide (low eutectic of CuO-Cu2O at 1140°C) will cause the thermal conductivity of the brick to increase, resulting in a strong dialysis, exfoliation, and expansion of the lining, in which Cu oxidizes to CuO. 75% expansion; oxidation to Cu2O, volume increased by 64%. Therefore, from the perspective of microstructure, the corrosion of the lining of the reaction tower by the crucible is mainly the infiltration, reaction and chemical structural stress of the copper crucible.
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