Carbon tool steel is a high carbon steel which is basically free of alloying elements. The carbon content is in the range of 0.65% to 1.35%. The production cost is low, the source of raw materials is easy to obtain, the machinability is good, and high hardness and hardness can be obtained after treatment. High wear resistance, so it is widely used in steel, used to manufacture all kinds of cutting tools, molds, measuring tools
However, such steels have poor red hardness, that is, when the working temperature is higher than 250 ° C, the hardness and wear resistance of the steel are drastically lowered and the working ability is lost. In addition, carbon tool steels are hard to harden if they are made into larger parts, and are prone to deformation and cracking.
Lap Joint Flanges (LJ Flanges) are used on piping fitted with lapped pipe or with lap joint stub ends the combined initial cost of the two items being approximately one-third higher than that of comparable Welding Neck Flanges.
Lap joint flange is having two components, a stub end, and a loose backing flange. Stub end is butt welded to the pipe and Backing flange freely move over the pipe. The backing flange can be of different material than stub material and normally of the carbon steel to save the cost. Lap flange is used where frequent dismantling is required, and space is constrained.
Furthermore, a standard lap joint flange will typically have a longer hub length in comparison to a slip on flange, but this is often considered unnecessary for many applications.
The lap joint flange is practically identical to a slip-on flange except it has a radius at the intersection of the bore and flange face.
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