The decorative art of Dehua Ceramics is very exquisite, and the decorative techniques are rich and varied. On the basis of inheriting the traditional decorative techniques such as engraving, flowering and printing, it is bold and innovative. It uses a lot of flowers, decals and poetry and American words. The decorative technique makes full use of the characteristics of Dehua white porcelain with pure white and less impurities, and shapes various artworks without applying any color materials, becoming the artistic feature of Dehua porcelain. The decoration content is mostly based on folk life, mostly for the subjects that people like to see, such as plum blossom, magnolia, lotus, eight immortals, dragon and phoenix, etc., with strong national style and local characteristics, is part of China's splendid national cultural heritage.
Cut flowers
Various patterns are directly engraved on the wet blank of the utensils with a bamboo stick or a pen. The patterns mainly include pine cranes, dragons, flowers, birds, orchids, bamboo stones, and peony. After glazing, the underglaze is formed, which is common in the inner bottom of the plate or dish, or the outer wall of the cup, the furnace, and the statue. The pattern is slender, the composition is sloppy, the technique is light and concise, and the freedom is unrestrained. In addition to the general floral patterns, Dehua kiln also uses iron knives or bamboo sticks on the glazed objects, and engraves the beautiful poems of cursive scripts, scripts or scripts for decoration. The content of poetry and essays is combined with the use of utensils. For example, the lamp urn engraved "Shumei six winters", the incense burner engraved "one column fragrance", "wind fragrance flow Wanli", "smoke fly ancient rafts, fragrant éœ çŽ‰ 玉 â€", cup engraved "two people on the mountain" "Cold night come to tea as wine", "drunk down Nanshan people", the pot is engraved with the words "Qingquan sucks the sputum", "the river draws the breeze, the mountain sucks the moon", the bottle is engraved with "the cold plum snow, the spring wind willow Going back, etc. Make full use of the beauty of the white porcelain glaze itself, combine the art of calligraphy with the art of ceramics, integrate practicality and artistry, and be pure and elegant.
printing
Immediately after the mold is removed, the mold with the pattern is printed and pressed. The patterns and specifications are the same, simple and fast, and can be mass-produced. There are two types of printed patterns, namely, yang and yin, which are mainly decorated with embossed patterns and colorful patterns. The printed decorative patterns of the Song Dynasty include a variety of flowers full of vitality, as well as live birds and fish. In the Yuan Dynasty, in addition to inheriting the various patterns of the previous dynasty, the lotus pattern was mostly decorated, and auspicious characters such as “Fuâ€, “Shouâ€, “Fushan Shouhai†and “Jinyu†were added. The printing of the Ming Dynasty has further developed on the basis of inheriting the printing techniques of the Song and Yuan Dynasties. The ornamentation of this period is mostly antique bronzes, dragons, wind birds, dragonflies, gossips and so on. This kind of technique is popular in the furnaces, cymbals, cymbals and other objects that resemble bronze wares.
Stacking
Stacking is a traditional decorative technique commonly used in Dehua white porcelain, and also an artistic feature of Dehua porcelain. The pile of flowers is brushed with a brush and drawn on the outer surface of the blank according to a certain contour or vein pile; and the applique foot is firstly molded or kneaded to make the desired flowers, paving parts, etc., after being trimmed, Paste the cured carcass with the mud. Because the decorative patterns are clearer, the piles are more fuzzy. Therefore, they tend to be piled up and used in the decoration. After stacking or sticking, the decorative effect is like relief, and the three-dimensional effect is strong. Its popular patterns include: plum, magnolia, lotus, bamboo pine, daffodil, peony, paving head, eight immortals, dragon crane, deer and so on.
Dehua white porcelain decorative decoration, mostly using stacking techniques, especially stoves, cups, washes, figures, cans, bottles, etc., the ingenious combination of pile decals and utensils, showing the superb decoration skills of Dehua kiln. Such as piled up lion head, elephant head and other ear incense burner, vase and plum pot, plum ellipsoid cup and so on. Especially the pile of plum blossom oval cups, the mouth is extravagant, the side of the outer wall is affixed with several plum blossoms in full bloom, the branches and leaves are tall and straight, full of vitality; while sticking plum branches and flower buds, setting off a few leaves; the bottom of the cup has a plum blossom branch The frame is attached, which serves as a decorative effect, and the foot frame of the Yidang Cup; although the foot frame and the bottom of the cup have a slight gap, they are integrated into one, which is simple and solemn. Sticking pot, the pot body is straight, the small flat mouth, the child's cover, the cover is attached to the arched body and the head is smashed into a button. The middle part of the ampulla is decorated with two belts. One of the four claws is attached to the wall of the pot, and the head is turned outwards. Zhang mouth spit out the tongue; another hoe fell down, cocked to the tail, the posture of the bull, the shape is wonderful.
Double-eared three-beast foot-furnace, 12 deformation crepe lines on the shoulder of the stove, the valve-shaped embossing on the near-bottom wall, the bottom of the bottom of the beast with three beasts, white glaze, extremely sleek, fine workmanship The shape is both novel and simple. The dragon candlestick and the upper end of the candlestick are like a lotus leaf in full bloom. The lower cylinder is connected with the discrete three animal face feet. The dragon and the dragon are stacked around the column. The white glaze is applied to the body. The fine and delicate shape is unique. Only seen in the kiln mouth. During this period, the piled decorative patterns and the crystal and glaze color are very harmonious and harmonious, and all kinds of flowers are vivid and beautiful.
Openwork is also known as hollowing out. It is one of the decorative techniques for carving a pattern of a certain object and then carving it into a pattern with a sharp knife. Dehua was used in the Boshan smoker, imitation copper incense burner, pen holder, vase and other products of the Ming Dynasty. The incense burner is mainly used for the part of the pattern on the cover, and the flowers and plants are decorated with lines, and the middle is carved into a hollow. The Boshan incense burner is also engraved with exquisite and wonderful stones. When the incense is burned in the furnace, the smoke rises out of the hole, and it rises and rises, and the fragrance is overflowing. The whole pen holder is composed of crossed flowers. Except for flowers, branches and leaves, all of them are hollowed out, which has become a special product in the ivory white porcelain of the Ming Dynasty. Since the Qing Dynasty, the decoration of Boshan incense burner, gossip incense burner, lion incense burner, etc. is still made by openwork.
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