The machine body is the physical structure of a stone engraving machine, forming the foundation for all its mechanical components. It typically consists of key parts such as the main moving elements, the feeding mechanisms (like the worktable and tool holder), and supporting structures (such as the bed and columns). These components work together to ensure precision and stability during the engraving process.
In addition to the basic mechanical structure, CNC stone engraving machines are equipped with essential systems like cooling and lubrication units, indexing devices, and tool-setting and measuring tools. Compared to traditional machine tools, CNC machines have undergone significant design improvements in layout, appearance, transmission systems, and control mechanisms. These changes are made to better align with the demands of computer numerical control technology and to maximize the performance and efficiency of the stone engraving machine.
Overall, the following key modifications are typically found in modern stone engraving machines:
(1) High-performance main drive and spindle units are used, offering greater power transmission, higher rigidity, excellent vibration resistance, and minimal thermal deformation. This ensures consistent performance even under heavy loads.
(2) The feed system employs efficient transmission components, featuring a short transmission chain, simplified structure, and high precision. Ball screw pairs and linear rolling guides are commonly used to enhance accuracy and speed.
(3) A fully automated tool exchange and management system is integrated, allowing for quick and precise tool changes without manual intervention.
(4) Many machining centers include automatic workpiece handling, clamping, and release mechanisms, improving workflow efficiency and reducing operator involvement.
(5) The machine structure is designed to provide strong dynamic and static stiffness, ensuring stability during high-speed operations and maintaining engraving accuracy over time.
(6) Most modern stone engraving machines feature a fully enclosed casing for safety, especially since they operate automatically. The enclosure prevents debris from escaping and protects operators. For semi-closed or fully closed-loop systems, feedback devices such as inductive synchronizers, gratings, encoders, magnetic scales, and laser rangefinders are used to monitor the machine's movement, position, and condition. These sensors send real-time data back to the CNC system, enabling precise control and adjustments during operation.
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