The mechanical deep application of chemical fertilizer technology is to use the technology in the main links of ploughing, sowing and crop growth, according to the quantity and location of agronomic requirements, using the mandatory form, the technology of applying fertilizer to the easily absorbable parts of the crop below the surface to improve the fertilizer Utilization rate, long-term maintenance of fertilizer efficiency, to achieve the purpose of fertilizer production and increase production.
First, the benefits of mechanical deep application of chemical fertilizer
The technology has been promoted and applied in Xintai City, Shandong Province since 1994. After many tests, the effective utilization rate of chemical fertilizers can be increased by 10% to 15%. Under the condition of constant fertilization, the grain yield is increased by 20-50 kg. Increase the benefit of 28 to 60 yuan. The wide application of this technology has alleviated the shortage of chemical fertilizer supply, reduced environmental pollution, reduced operating costs, increased input-output ratio, increased farmers' income, and promoted the development of rural economy.
Second, the method and technical points of deep application of chemical fertilizer
According to the requirements of agronomy, in the main links such as arable land, sowing and crop growth period, plowing bottom fertilization, deep application of seed fertilizer and deep application of top dressing are carried out.
Plowing the bottom of the fertilization while using the cultivated land, using the plow bottom fertilizer machine, deep application of base fertilizer. Technical points: the depth of fertilization is 10 to 25 cm; the width of the fertilizer belt is 3 to 5 cm; the fertilizer is uniform and continuous, and there is no obvious broken strip; the amount of fertilizer meets the agronomic requirements for crop cultivation.
The deep application of fertilizers mainly uses the fine-casting fertilizer spreader and the ditch-casting fertilizer machine to complete the fertilization, covering and repressing operations at the same time of sowing. According to the relative position of fertilization and seeds, there are lateral deep application and deep deep application, and lateral deep application of chemical fertilizer. Applied to the side of the seed, the deep chemical fertilizer is applied directly below the seed. Technical points: Complete the seed and fertilizer amount according to the agronomic requirements. The soil isolation layer with a certain thickness (greater than 3 cm) between the fertilizer and the fertilizer not only meets the nutrient demand of the crop seedling growth, but also avoids the burning and seedling phenomenon of the seed and fertilizer mixture; the width of the fertilizer belt is slightly larger than the seeding width; The fat strips are even and continuous, no obvious broken strips and leakage; the soil depth is consistent. The soil is broken and the land is flat.
The deep application of topdressing mainly uses fertilizers such as top dressing machines and intermediate fertilisers to carry out fertilizer application in the growth stages of crops (main links). Technical points: The amount of fertilizer should meet the nutrient requirements of the crops in each growing season; the depth of fertilization is 6-8 cm; the fertilization site is generally below the root side of the crop, and the roots of the crops are avoided as much as possible; the width of the fertilizer belt is 3 to 5 cm, and the fertilizer is uniform and continuous. No broken strips are applied.
Third, the precautions in mechanical operations
Before the operation, check the fertilizer device for debris, so as to avoid damage to the machine and affect performance.
Always observe the situation of ditching and fertilizing during operation so as to avoid abnormal phenomena such as leakage and broken strips.
Driving at low speed (I and II files are appropriate), if the driving is not skilled, the ground is not smooth, do not work at high speed.
The opener is not off the ground and it is strictly forbidden to turn or reverse.
The transmission part should be filled with lubricating oil at the right time.
At the end of the operation, the fertilizer tank should be cleaned in time to prevent corrosion.
Fourth, troubleshooting
No fertilizer: Eliminate the transmission, ground wheel slip and Other faults. The amount of fertilizer is too large or too small: improper adjustment, adjust to the desired position. Decrease in the amount of fertilizer: the amount of fertilizer in the fertilizer tank is too small or there is blockage of debris, plus sufficient fertilizer to remove debris.
First, the benefits of mechanical deep application of chemical fertilizer
The technology has been promoted and applied in Xintai City, Shandong Province since 1994. After many tests, the effective utilization rate of chemical fertilizers can be increased by 10% to 15%. Under the condition of constant fertilization, the grain yield is increased by 20-50 kg. Increase the benefit of 28 to 60 yuan. The wide application of this technology has alleviated the shortage of chemical fertilizer supply, reduced environmental pollution, reduced operating costs, increased input-output ratio, increased farmers' income, and promoted the development of rural economy.
Second, the method and technical points of deep application of chemical fertilizer
According to the requirements of agronomy, in the main links such as arable land, sowing and crop growth period, plowing bottom fertilization, deep application of seed fertilizer and deep application of top dressing are carried out.
Plowing the bottom of the fertilization while using the cultivated land, using the plow bottom fertilizer machine, deep application of base fertilizer. Technical points: the depth of fertilization is 10 to 25 cm; the width of the fertilizer belt is 3 to 5 cm; the fertilizer is uniform and continuous, and there is no obvious broken strip; the amount of fertilizer meets the agronomic requirements for crop cultivation.
The deep application of fertilizers mainly uses the fine-casting fertilizer spreader and the ditch-casting fertilizer machine to complete the fertilization, covering and repressing operations at the same time of sowing. According to the relative position of fertilization and seeds, there are lateral deep application and deep deep application, and lateral deep application of chemical fertilizer. Applied to the side of the seed, the deep chemical fertilizer is applied directly below the seed. Technical points: Complete the seed and fertilizer amount according to the agronomic requirements. The soil isolation layer with a certain thickness (greater than 3 cm) between the fertilizer and the fertilizer not only meets the nutrient demand of the crop seedling growth, but also avoids the burning and seedling phenomenon of the seed and fertilizer mixture; the width of the fertilizer belt is slightly larger than the seeding width; The fat strips are even and continuous, no obvious broken strips and leakage; the soil depth is consistent. The soil is broken and the land is flat.
The deep application of topdressing mainly uses fertilizers such as top dressing machines and intermediate fertilisers to carry out fertilizer application in the growth stages of crops (main links). Technical points: The amount of fertilizer should meet the nutrient requirements of the crops in each growing season; the depth of fertilization is 6-8 cm; the fertilization site is generally below the root side of the crop, and the roots of the crops are avoided as much as possible; the width of the fertilizer belt is 3 to 5 cm, and the fertilizer is uniform and continuous. No broken strips are applied.
Third, the precautions in mechanical operations
Before the operation, check the fertilizer device for debris, so as to avoid damage to the machine and affect performance.
Always observe the situation of ditching and fertilizing during operation so as to avoid abnormal phenomena such as leakage and broken strips.
Driving at low speed (I and II files are appropriate), if the driving is not skilled, the ground is not smooth, do not work at high speed.
The opener is not off the ground and it is strictly forbidden to turn or reverse.
The transmission part should be filled with lubricating oil at the right time.
At the end of the operation, the fertilizer tank should be cleaned in time to prevent corrosion.
Fourth, troubleshooting
No fertilizer: Eliminate the transmission, ground wheel slip and Other faults. The amount of fertilizer is too large or too small: improper adjustment, adjust to the desired position. Decrease in the amount of fertilizer: the amount of fertilizer in the fertilizer tank is too small or there is blockage of debris, plus sufficient fertilizer to remove debris.
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