What is ceramic tile? We talked about the evolution of ceramic tiles, the material properties, functional properties and decorative properties of tiles. In fact, whether we buy ceramic tiles, ceramics marketing, clerk sales tiles, we need to locate clearly, understand the classification of tiles, and the needs of customers. How to class ceramic tiles?
The first part of the common classification method
Tile classification according to use: exterior wall brick, interior wall brick, floor tile, square brick, industrial brick, etc.
According to the forming points: dry pressed brick, extruded brick, plastic molded brick
According to the glaze: glazed brick, unglazed brick
According to the water absorption rate: porcelain brick, enamel tile, fine brick, enamel brick, ceramic brick
According to the variety: glazed brick, whole brick (homogeneous brick), polished brick, vitrified brick, porcelain glazed tile (antique brick)
The reason for the second part
1. Why should we divide according to water absorption?
1 What is the water absorption rate? It refers to the weight of the water absorbed by the dry brick divided by the weight of the dry brick itself. It is the ability of the tile to absorb and penetrate, and reflects the number of open pores on the brick surface.
2 The essential reason for the division is the national standard of ceramic tiles (gb4100-2006 "ceramic tiles"). According to the water absorption rate, the dry pressed ceramic tiles are divided into five categories: the first type is porcelain bricks, the water absorption rate is less than 0.5%; the second type isç‚» ceramic tile, water absorption rate is greater than 0.5%; less than 3%; the third type is fine enamel brick, water absorption rate is greater than 3%, less than 6%; the fourth type is enamel brick, water absorption rate is greater than 6%, less than 10%; The fifth category is ceramic bricks, and the water absorption rate is greater than 10%;
3 The more dense the ceramic is sintered, the lower the water absorption rate and the higher the strength, so the ceramic tiles are divided according to the water absorption rate;
4 For polished tiles, the lower the water absorption rate, the smaller the surface porosity and the stronger the antifouling ability.
2. What is a glazed brick? What is an unglazed brick?
1 glaze is the vitrified layer on the surface of the tile blank, similar to the glass layer (the opaque layer, matt layer also appeared later);
2 glaze has two main functions, one is to decorate the blank with various colors, to cover the base color of the blank; the other is to block water and prevent penetration.
3 The difference method can be seen in the section. It is easy to see through the section as full glaze, microcrystalline stone, antique brick, etc. It is glazed brick, and polished brick is unglazed brick.
The third part is to look at the tile classification from a strategic perspective.
(The guide, the manufacturer's salesman can understand, the manager and the regional manager need to master)
Ceramic tiles themselves are ceramic materials:
1 production process: material properties, process attributes, production areas, etc.;
2 use: it is used to make decorative materials, so it has a function;
3 decorative effect: depends on whether it is beautiful, we must consider the decorative effect;
4 Marketing: Tiles become commodities, and circulation sales need to consider their categories, prices, channels, brand attributes, and so on.
First, the production process
1. According to the forming points: dry pressed forming brick, extruded forming brick, and plastic forming brick.
2, according to the burning ingredients: oxidized tiles, reducing tiles.
3. According to the glaze: there are glazed bricks and unglazed bricks.
4. According to the water absorption rate: porcelain brick, enamel tile, fine brick, enamel brick, ceramic brick.
5, according to the production process: polishing bricks, semi-throwing bricks, soft-throwing bricks, spotted bricks, crystal bricks; printed bricks, permeable tiles, inkjet bricks, etc.
6, according to the firing process: once burned twice burned three times
7, in accordance with the specifications of tiles, thickness: conventional tiles, thin plates, thin bricks, thick bricks; antique bricks (large specifications, small specifications), thin plates, mosaics.
Second, use
1. According to the purpose: square brick, swimming pool brick, curtain wall brick, exterior wall brick, interior wall brick, wall and floor brick, waist line brick, exterior wall brick, interior wall brick, waist line brick, baseboard, floor tile, square brick , industrial bricks, etc.
2, according to the use of location: floor tiles, wall tiles, waist line bricks, skirting, parquet, wave lines, ground flowers, corner flowers
3, special features: breathing bricks, antibacterial bricks, self-cleaning bricks, solar bricks, geothermal bricks, lightweight insulation bricks
Third, the decorative effect
1. Element type: marble tile, wood grain brick, sandstone, granite, travertine, leather brick, wallpaper brick, etc.
2, decorative style: Mediterranean, rural style, simple fashion style, American country, luxury style and so on.
3, gloss: polished brick, microcrystalline stone, matt brick, soft light, semi-throwing brick
Fourth, marketing
1. According to the convention, the varieties are divided into: polished brick, antique brick, porcelain tile, full polished glaze, polished crystal brick, microcrystalline stone, split brick, square brick, cultural brick and so on.
2. Category: jade, marble tile, microcrystalline stone, full polished glaze, polished brick, wood grain brick, sandstone, granite, travertine, leather brick, wallpaper brick, etc.
3. Price: high-end, mid-range, low-end.
4, channel division: ordinary customer home improvement channels, designer channels (conventional designers, well-known designers), home improvement company channels (Jinyi, Xingyi and other conventional home improvement companies), community channels (new real estate, old community old house renovation) , small engineering channels, real estate developer channels, design institute channels, e-commerce channels (Taobao, Tmall, Jingdong, Qijia, Tuba), o2o overall home mode (Shangpin home, Weiyi order, etc.) , Internet home improvement channels (love space, Haier home, etc.)
5, by brand: imported brands, first-line brands, second-line brands, single-brand, multi-brand, free brand, OEM, private products
6, according to the production area: Foshan brick, Guangdong brick, Shandong brick, Fujian brick, Jiajiang brick, Gaoan brick and so on.
What are the common tiles in the fourth part?
Tiles, also known as ceramic tiles, refer to clay, feldspar, quartz, talc or other inorganic non-metallic materials and silicate minerals. After grinding, mixing, drying at room temperature by extrusion or dry pressing or other methods. It is fired at a temperature that meets the performance requirements to form an acid and alkali resistant porcelain, enamel or ceramic building or decorative material for decorating and protecting the panels or blocks of buildings, structures, walls and floors. Ceramic products; usually glazed (gl) or unglazed (ugl).
Porcelain brick
Tiles with a water absorption of no more than 0.5%. There are many kinds of names on the market, such as polished tiles, whole bricks, vitrified tiles, glass fossils, and complete glass fossils.
2. Vitrified brick
Generally refers to ceramic tiles with very low water absorption or almost no water absorption (water absorption rate e ≤ 0.5% or even e ≤ 0.1%), generally refers to completely vitrified, close to vitreous, basically does not absorb water, is a popular name for porcelain tiles. Vitrified brick is a reinforced polished brick that is fired at high temperatures. The texture is harder and more wear resistant than polished tiles. The main difference between the distinction between vitrified tiles and polished tiles is the water absorption. (The lower the water absorption rate, the better the degree of vitrification, and the better the physical and chemical properties of the product.)
3. Tiles
Generally, the surface has glaze, and now it refers to the glazed interior wall tile of the ceramic body (water absorption rate e>10%).
4. Ceramic tiles
Tiles with a water absorption of e>10%, which are commonly referred to as tiles and interior wall tiles, generally have a glaze on the surface.
5 polished tiles
The surface is mechanically cut and polished, and the surface is mirror-glossy. Generally, the green body is porcelain (water absorption rate e ≤ 0.5%). Polished brick is a kind of bright brick that has been polished/polished on the surface of the whole body of the brick body. It is a kind of whole brick. The surface of the polished brick is much cleaner than the whole brick. Polished tiles are hard and wear resistant and are suitable for use in most indoor spaces except washrooms and kitchens. On the basis of the use of osmosis technology, polished tiles can be used to make various imitation stone and wood-like effects. The polished tiles are dirty and the slip resistance is not very good.
6. Glazed tiles
Glazed bricks are bricks that have been glazed on the surface of bricks. Glazed tiles and matt glazed tiles are used depending on the gloss. When the green body is porcelain (water absorption rate e≤0.5%), it is called porcelain glazed brick. When the green body is ceramic (water absorption rate e>10%), it is often called “ceramic pieceâ€, which is generally referred to as general Interior wall tiles.
7 polished glazed tiles (glazed polished tiles, polished crystal tiles)
Re-stack or a layer of transparent dry granules or semi-dry glaze on the surface of traditional glazed tiles or vitrified tiles, and then polished by full or semi-polishing, soft polishing, etc. Brightness; for underglaze products, richer in traditional microcrystalline patterns and high transparency. The advantages are: the smooth and bright effect of polished tiles, and the richness of antique brick-like patterns. The disadvantages are: easy to wear, absorb dirt, expose the bottom, etc., but the new technology is perfected in continuous development and experimentation.
8, antique brick
It is not the product of China's ceramics industry. The antique bricks originated from European glazed bricks. Later, they came to mainland China, also known as pan-brown bricks. Later, they were called classical bricks, retro bricks and antique bricks. The term "antique brick" is used more, everyone is used to it, used to become natural, and later called antique brick.
9, mosaic
Mosaic is a special type of brick. It is usually composed of dozens of small bricks and a relatively large brick. It is widely used in small indoor walls and small outdoor walls or floors in small size and colorful. Generally, it is made into a small square of 18.5 x 18.5 x 5 mm, 39 x 39 x 5 mm, or a hexagonal shape with a side length of 25 mm.
10, whole body brick
The surface of the whole brick is not glazed, and the material and color of the front and back sides are the same, hence the name.
The whole body brick is a kind of wear-resistant brick, although there are now varieties such as oozing through-body bricks, but the color is relatively inferior to the glazed brick. As the current interior design is more and more inclined to plain design, the whole body brick is becoming more and more fashionable, and it is widely used in the floor of renovation halls such as halls, aisles and outdoor walkways, and generally will be used less for wall surface. Most of the non-slip tiles are all-in-one bricks. Common bricks have specifications of 300x300mm, 400x400mm, 500x500mm, 600x600mm, 800x800mm, and so on.
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